The real work is devoted to analytical definition of average values of polarizing invariants of compound radar objects at on-off dispersion on the basis of one-position measurements. Analytical results are confirmed with data of pilot studies. In work the problem of analytical definition of average values of polarizing invariants at dispersion of the electro-magnetic waves compound radar objects including both an extended (diffraction) element, and casual set of the simple (dot) centers of secondary dispersion for a case of an on-off radar-location by results of one-position measurements is considered. The data of pilot studies confirming analytical results are provided. At the same time full expression for the third parameter of Stokes of the field disseminated by a compound object shows the fact that Stokes's parameters of the wave disseminated by a compound object can't be determined by the sum of parameters of Stokes of the waves disseminated by each of object elements, but substantially are defined by communications between conditions of polarization of lenses. This fact completely accords with the principle of an emerdzhentnost which claims that integrated properties of system can't be defined only by the sum of properties of her elements, but are defined also by communications between system elements.

Taking into account the easy excitation, oscillation of electric type are of main practical interest, when there is only one component of electric field, namely the one oriented perpendicularly to the top and bottom walls of cavity which does not experience variations along the axis. The frequency spectrum of the oscillation of the magnetron with a nominal frequency of 2.45 GHz, used in domestic microwave ovens is shown. It is evident that a certain fraction of the energy is released in the side of the frequency spectrum and can be a source of excitation of the corresponding vibration of higher orders. For a quantitative descriptions of the heat distribution in the warming volume statistical criteria are used, in particular, the standard deviation of the power dissipation value, normalized to the average value. The solution of the problem of the field in the radial sectorial resonator with perfectly conducting walls is obtained. Some of its applications are considered. The analysis of the possibility of using sectorial resonators in microwave devices division / capacity addition is carried out. A possible variant of wave superimposition device for microwave heating, using the union of four sectorial cavities with an angle of 900 is proposed.

The article considers a specific class of unmanned aerial vehicles called UXV in foreign literature which is supposed to be the basis of personnel training technologies both for UAV designers and operators. In addition to the unified UAV which are designed for quite an extended and particular application there is a necessity of designing and using unique UAV solving specific problems. Research and personnel training in higher education institutions concerning UAV range of problems are supposed to be conducted within UAV perspective. Considering cross-disciplinary nature of such activities it must be developed and executed at «above-faculty» (even taking into account all the accumulated university resources that will allow to train UAV operators and developers at a high level requiring to adopt advanced technologies to design, provide information and operate UAV. Similar technologies are capable of parring efficiently future challenges new worldwide developing economic structure.

Advantages and disadvantages of various navigation methods are considered. The main advantage of an inertial method of navigation consisting in a high noise stability is given. The drawback of this navigation method consisting in accumulating mistakes by the time is given. The benefit of satellite navigation systems from the point of view of their globality and high precision of measurement is proved. Disadvantages and advantages of a rho-rho navigation in comparison with satellite navigation systems are considered. The main activities of a complex using of satellite and radar navigation aids, and also satellite and inertial navigation aids are given. Various systems of complex use of a rho-rho navigation and satellite navigation systems are considered. The common important faults inherent in methods and systems according to patents are in detail considered. Methods of a complex using of inertial and satellite navigation systems in the form of inertial system use are given in a complex with the satellite receiver in contours of phase and frequency autocontrol of a satellite signal to increase accuracy and continuity of a signal from the receiver, and also in the form of a satellite method use with the differential mode to increase accuracy of an inertial method with correcting the inertial system signal are given. The analysis of various patents for complex methods of navigation is carried out.

A problem of electromagnetic wave backscattering on a chosen 3D object is solved. A differential equation which is linked change of polarization coefficient of reflected wave with variation of matrix elements of object scattering is obtained. Obtained relation enables to develop algorithms of fast numerical solution of inverse problem of scattering on this object that is determination of complex function of object surface scattering and restoration of unknown object shape on phase distribution of reflected wave. The method uses ray representation of scattering fields based on principle Huygens-Fresnel. The algorithm of object shape restoration on phase of reflected wave allows to restore not only smooth surfaces, but also object surfaces with smaller roughness than a wave length.

In the article the author imparts the experience of teaching project disciplines using medium-level computer systems beginning with lower level with the further transition to upper level systems. The results of the introduction of an experimental technique of teaching project training are given. The article considers the introduction of an experimental technique of project training in the course "The fundamentals of robotic systems automation". The project suggests applying CAD systems to develop a geometrical model of a submersible craft, which will be used in future to design project documentation as well as a control system and a simulator. The project distinction is affected with conditions of individual assignment fulfilment without using ready solutions. The project subject-matter is defined with knowledge system of future bachelor specialization in the area of robotics. The article demonstrates stage methods of training and supervision over project fulfilment with IT application according to modular approach. In practice bachelors take intense interest in theoretical and practical project-based learning if they use modern IT.

The article deals with the complex system of a special purpose which is serviced by Markov's process. Two conditions for process of work of the researched system are given. The conclusion is made that all process of work of the researched system on servicing of the requests which have arrived after some timepoint does not depend on the process of our service before. The essential criteria for research of the system are listed. The criteria considering the economic factor of the system functioning are named. Separate types of servicing from the point of view of the researched system cost efficiency are determined. The cost efficiency of the system is determined, considering the losses from customers aircraft downtime, system operation expenses. Function of the cost of system losses with customers refusals in the process is determined. The author gives the formula for the criterion of the researched system cost efficiency as mass servicing system. The main requirements and formula dependences of service efficiency calculation of requests for the researched system are considered. Mathematical methods of calculation of the criteria considering economic efficiency of the researched system which characterize a degree of a given task performance course of operation are presented.

The method for evaluating the perception level of electronic means to pulsed electromagnetic radiation is considered in this article. The electromagnetic wave penetration mechanism towards the elements of electronic systems and the impact on them are determined by the intensity of the radiation field on the elements of electronic systems. The impact of electromagnetic radiation pulses to the electronic systems refers to physical and analytical parameters of the relationship between exposure to pulses of electromagnetic radiation and the sample parameters of electronic systems. A physical and mathematical model of evaluating the perception level of electronic means to pulsed electromagnetic radiation is given. The developed model was based on the physics of electronics means failure which represents the description of electromagnetic, electric and thermal processes that lead to the degradation of the original structure of the apparatus elements. The conditions that lead to the total equation electronic systems functional destruction when exposed to electromagnetic radiation pulses are described. The internal characteristics of the component elements that respond to the damaging effects are considered. The ratio for the power failure is determined. A thermal breakdown temperature versus pulse duration of exposure at various power levels is obtained. The way of evaluation the reliability of electronic systems when exposed to pulses of electromagnetic radiation as a destructive factor is obtained.

The problem of ensuring electromagnetic compatibility of banked radio-technical systems (RTS), i.e., ensuring a goal performance under the conditions of intersystem interference. Air traffic control organization suggests a continuous interaction between air-crews and air traffic controllers during the whole flight, i.e., it is necessary to consider mutual influence of RTSs situated in adjacent zones of responsibility. As the zones overlap, frequency allocation should be performed simultaneously taking into consideration the RTSs, which determines a huge dimension of the problem. The problem of choice of operating frequency for air traffic control system radio-technical aids is formalized. It is offered to use a genetic algorithm as one of the stochastic search methods for solution of the formalized problem of the choice of operating frequencies for air traffic control system. The parameters of the genetic algorithm, and providing a better quality solution are determined. It is shown that the adaptive scheme of selection of individuals is promising for use, and it enables to receive the required solution of the problem without performing additional research of the current task and the bench-mark data concerning choice of a reproduction scheme for the generalized genetic algorithm.

Change. Also the object as a result of an adverse effect is considered. The formal problem definition of synthesis of hardy management system is considered. Model choice criteria ensemble is set. The rule of choice algorithm implementation on the basis of different reference functions is provided. The conclusion is drawn that in case of preliminary processing of the available prior data it is possible to select reference functions correctly which reflect physical processes more precisely. The mathematical description of a dynamic object on the basis of a differential equation, or its decision is provided. Definition of function of a trend is given. Criteria for selection of model of damage are given. The recommendation of modification of Demark trends algorithm by means of the sliding Yazvinsky's window and a method of self-organization for increase of accuracy of creation of a predictive model of damage is made. It is offered to realize a model choice by means of more complex logical analysis of an observed vector in the appropriate situation. Logic-functional control task definition is given and approach to its decision is formulated. The conclusion about what the task of synthesis management system consists of is given. This article describes the method of synthesis of control system with variable structure provides increasing survivability control system in a significant change of the external environment, as well as the object itself from the adverse impacts.

Reviewed simulation model of correlation-extreme navigation system (CASN) of the aircraft (A/C) using the microwave radiation of the earth's surface, allowing to optimize system performance, ranging from the kind of used signal and the diagram of the radiometer to the expected positional accuracy of CASN. The developed model consists of the simulation of the radiometer; block modelling the radiating properties of the underlying surface, the unit of account of the influence of the atmosphere; block kinematics modeling of the movement of the carrier, the characteristics of the antenna system and method of the review space; the unit for computing the coordinates. These model allows to estimate the information content and the stability of the radiation of the earth surface plot of the correction of the trajectory, the influence of

The given article considers the task of building up the best aircraft route on the basis of information about the level of flight ground provision. Disadvantages of traditional radar surveillance facilities are given. Four types of Russian Federation aerospace depending on the level of ground radio flight provision are considered. Relevance of selecting an aircraft route from the view of necessity to plan aerospace is substantiated. The formula to calculate probabilities of obtaining not correct aircraft navigation data is given. The analysis of errors arising while building up the aircraft route linked with both operational navigation and communication equipment faults as well as with a human factor is carried out. Formulas of wrong route selecting probability when an aircraft track changes or is maintained are suggested. A generalized weighted index of losses on the basis of various factors affecting an aircraft track change is introduced. Importance of these factors are considered. A rule of aircraft transition to the next route point is formulated. The conclusion is made which route is the most rational in case of following the rule of route selecting at every flight stage. Practical recommendations which can be used to solve conflict between aircraft cruising under the given rule are suggested.

The article considers the evaluation method of information accuracy in communication networks such as radial and ring structure with a single center. The possibility of the assessment probability of communication networks no-failure operation among airport structural divisions with a parallel accounting network fragment resistance to destructive impacts with a probabilistic metrics is given.For probabilities qualimetry of communication network failures use of operative availability function along with recommendations to use theoretical distributions for physically various communication networks is suggested. For a logical chain of the analysis of survival capabilities a range of problems to be stated while making prior and posteriori estimatesis specified.

Discusses issues relating with reliability for aerodrome air traffic control system. Calculation of indicators of reliability for aerodrome air traffic control system consisting of: Air Traffic Control System (ATCS); radio stations; Radar Landing System (RLS); Azimuth-ranging Radio Beacon (ARRB); Short-Range Decimeter Navigation System (RSBN); Non-directional Radio Beacon (NDB); Automatic Direction Finder (ADF); Airport Lighting Equipment (ALE); Instrument Landing System (ILS). Proposed basic criteria for failure for aerodrome air traffic control system function provide minimum take off and landing is not below category I for aircraft equipped with appropriate avionics. The scheme of reliability calculation and determined the average time to failure and availability for aerodrome air traffic control system. The obtained indicators of reliability for complex systems, in general, slightly worse than the performance of individual components. However, due to the redundancy of individual products and the use of several functionally reserving each other means it is possible to achieve acceptable performance.

Methods of Markov theory of optimal stochastic processes estimation used for optimal aggregation of information about position of different objects can be successfully used in aerological radiosonde ascents problems. In this case, the aim is the integration of multi (functional, structural and information) into a single system of radar and navigation gauges spatial coordinates of aerological radiosonde. The need for the simultaneous measurement of the spatial coordinates of aerological radiosonde radar and radio navigation meter due to the fact that each of the meters does not meet all the requirements for accuracy and reliability of determining the spatial coordinates of aerological radiosonde. The problem of optimal algorithm synthesis of complex signal processing of satellite navigation systems GLONASS/GPS, relayed from the board and aerological radiosonde output aerological radar using the methods of Markov random processes, estimation theory is considered in this article. The synthesis is based on the solution of Stratonovich equation. In this article, a solution of Stratonovich was obtained for the case where the dynamics of the state vector in time is described by the quasi-random process.

The flux gate for measurement of size and direction of magnetic field of the Earth and for measurement of local magnetic fields, applying the unidirectional pulse scheme in an excitement chain are examined. The article treats the benefits of ferroprobes with pulse excitement in comparison with the similar sensors with sinusoidal excitement. According to the original circuit proposed by the authors of the article flux gate sensor for measurement of a local magnetic field with two ferroprobes for the purpose of compensation of the Earth’s magnetic field is designed. The experiment with flux gate sensors which contain various quantities of rounds in an output winding and a permanent magnet is carried out. The factors that influence the output voltage of the sensor are examined during the experiment. The regression equation for the ferroprobe by the experimental data is obtained. The regression is important for development of similar measuring systems. First of all, the results of the research are important for the analysis of technical characteristics of magneto-modulation sensors, and for ferroprobes design in aircraft industry.

The flight subset control is required during the aviation equipment test flights. In order to achieve this objective the complex consisting of strap down inertial navigation system (SINS) and user equipment of satellite navigation systems (SNS) can be used. Such combination needs to be used for error correction in positioning which is accumulated in SINS with time. This article shows the research results of the inertial navigation system (INS) model. The results of the positioning error calculation for various INS classes are given. Each of the examined INS has a different accumulated error for the same time lag. The methods of combining information of INS and SRNS are covered. The results obtained can be applied for upgrading the aircraft flight and navigation complexes. In particular, they can allow to continuously determine speed, coordinates, angular situation and repositioning rate of change of axes of the instrument frame.

The article is devoted to the realization of the principles of the probabilistic and linguistic approach to the formalization, presentation and subsequent processing of diverse information on the security status of important technical objects. On the basis of the process analysis of the potential infringer overcoming of the safety system the main restrictions are justified, and the assessment problem of the protected object vulnerability is formulated. The main advantage of the developed model is the extensive opportunities of formalization of diverse information on the security status of the object. On the basis of the developed model analysis two conclusions are drawn. The first conclusion is that the main nature of the ambiguity of information, formalized in the context of the developed model, is of a subjectively colored character, as the source of information is an expert with his knowledge and experience of potential infringer. The second important conclusion is that though theoretically the choice of the next impact on the safe operation system of important technical objects depends on the whole background of states and influences but in practice what influences are available to the «neutralization» of a functional element in the safe operation system of important technical object in the form of probabilistic and linguistic syndrome is given.

Solving modern scientific and engineering problems typically implies using multiple task-specific software applications and often a complex sequence of computations must be performed. Adopted approach to achieve the required level of automation is to use one of the many available scientific and engineering workflow systems, which can be based on different workflow models. This paper introduces a workflow model targeted to provide natural automation and distributed execution of complex iterative computation processes, where the calculation chain contains multiple task-specific software applications which exchange files during the process.

The proposed workflow model addresses a wide range of applications and targets complex cases when a single iteration of a top-level process may contain multiple nested execution loops. Typical requirements to process automation are considered as well: execution isolation, data re-use and caching, parallel execution, data provenance tracking.

In the article a modern data processing method of reflectometry measurement of communication line, based on the application of wavelet transform to reflectograms is claimed. This method is based on a multi-level one-dimensional discrete wavelet-decomposition of the reflectogram to the j level (depth) allowing decomposition of the reflectogram into approximation and detail coefficients, containing information on the useful and noise components of the reflectogram. The noise term of the reflectogram is most clearly revealed in the detail coefficients obtained at the lowest decomposition level (j = 1, 2, 3), and which needs to be applied to the threshold processing with different threshold for each coefficient thus the removal of sufficiently small coefficients, which are considered to be noise, is carried out. After this processing of detail coefficients reconstructed reflectogram, with great accuracy, corresponds to the reflectogram without the noise term, that will significantly reduce the localization error of damage and discontinuity of communication line. Evaluation is carried out by comparing mean-square error of recovered, noisy, and original reflectogram without the noise component, as well as on the basis of visual comparison of these reflectograms.

A method of improving the navigation system performance parameters with the use of ground functional add-ins in respect of radio signal extension properties in the air is considered in the article. The total electron content values broadcast, determined by double-frequency measurements allows to transmit correction data by all available types of GLONASS and GPS navigation signals, keeping within standard information transmitted content, regulated by ICAO, that would have been impossible with the use of standard methods of correcting information broadcast. Due to the increased number of the used navigation signals operating availability of GBAS improves. It is possible to use corrections, measured by a ground station for a pair of signals in different frequency bands (for example L1OF and L2OF) for more accurate positioning on other navigation signals (L2OC). It is also possible to broadcast the differential corrections for all available types of navigation signals GLONASS and GPS and remain in a standard volume of transmitted information, which is regulated by the International Civil Aviation Organization.

The article is devoted to the airline scheduling process and methods of its modeling. This article describes the main stages of airline scheduling process (scheduling, fleet assignment, revenue management, operations), their features and interactions. The main part of scheduling process is fleet assignment. The optimal solution of the fleet assignment problem enables airlines to increase their incomes up to 3 % due to quality improving of connections and execution of the planned number of flights operated by less number of aircraft than usual or planned earlier. Fleet assignment of scheduling process is examined and Conventional Leg-Based Fleet Assignment Model is analyzed. Finally strong and weak aspects of the model (SWOT) are released and applied. The article gives a critical analysis of FAM model, with the purpose of identifying possible options and constraints of its use (for example, in cases of short-term and long-term planning, changing the schedule or replacing the aircraft), as well as possible ways to improve the model.

Information about the location of the aircraft, with a decrease along a predetermined path, the carriages, the floor-fer with the use of radio landing systems. On the trajectory of radio wave propagation in the channels of the radio glide path landing systems affected by the change of refractive index in the atmosphere depending on altitude. Known methods of calculation of the angular deviations of trajectories of propagation of radiation from the nominal glide path line. Currently in the Arctic regions, a network of airfields, so it is necessary to have data of possible distortions of the trajectories of propagation in the channels of the glide path radio systems on such airfields. The article analyzes the angular deviation of the trajectories of propagation in the channels of the radio glide path landing system of aircrafts on the basis of temperature-wind sounding of the atmosphere. Calculated parameters of the probability density functions of these deviations at different distances from the runway for three Arctic regions of Russia. The article shows that the magnitude of the confidence intervals of deviations of trajectories at the required value of confidence probability is 2-4 times the size of the area tolerance. Contained in the article the results clearly indicate the necessity of considering the influence of the atmosphere on the trajectory of radio wave propagation in channels of radio glide path landing system in flight operations to improve safety of aircraft landing in the Arctic regions.

The environmental impact by civil aviation activity at all stages of air-transport service life cycle is considered in the article. Negative emergency aviation situations make certain changes to life cycle of the service offered by air transport that is reflected in negative ecological environmental impact at the place of accident. The integrated approach to an assessment of such influence is required. The amount of the polluting substances getting into the soil of the ecosystem at the site of an aircraft accident can be considerably reduced by means of timely extraction by carbon adsorption of the aviation fuel and special liquids, that is soil detoxication is required.Expediency of placement of the special sorption barrier passing on the border of the aviation accident area and representing the water-permeable sleeve filled with a sorbent is proved. The stage-by-stage sequence of the detoxication works is offered and it is recommended to apply their carrying out in civil aviation in the form of the obligatory task imputed to the administrative subcommittee, which is a part of the aircraft accident investigation committee.The sequence of works is presented in the form of the plan schedule of necessary actions. Dependence for calculation of the amount of petrochemicals getting into the soil in the considered situations is offered.