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Civil Aviation High Technologies

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No 225 (2016)
5-8 534
Abstract
The article deals with the application different methods of combination of coating on the GTE turbine working blades. The results of the experimental research on the application of the protective coating on the GTE turbine working blades are presented and the samples with coating were tested to determine the resulting coating quality.
9-13 436
Abstract
The article considers the use of mathematical modeling while designing thermal protection coating for GTE turbine blades. The results of mathematical simulation are presented and comparison with experimental data is given. The obtained results allow to choose the composition of a underlayer to cover the metal layer of thermal protection coating.
14-17 420
Abstract
The article provides the research results of the mechanical impurity composition and concentration from the dif- ferent layers of standard filter element Fuel monitor Velcon CDF 230 F, removed from the fueller in order to evualate its operation efficiency and equipment resource forecasting capabilities of X-ray fluorescence analyzer ADC “Prizma”.
18-28 443
Abstract
The methodical and algorithmic solutions in the directions of increasing the economic efficiency of the process organization that identifies falsified / counterfeit aircraft components (AC) on the basis of the automation of information processes of input inspection products are offered. The main difference of this technology is to provide assessment of the necessity of an AC input inspection on the basis of economic losses minimization. An appropriate criteria is formed its researches are carried out and the decision-making rule to hold input inspection is offered.
29-33 425
Abstract
In the article different increasing directions of fatigue strength are considered, but the reasons of sudden distraction are not determined. The sudden distraction with fatigue appearance problem is designated. The fatigue strength increasing direction by aviation technology products technical condition systematic monitoring and the most dangerous distraction points detection with the use of acoustic emission method are suggested.
34-38 434
Abstract
The article considers the classification of methods and the modification directions of polymer materials for fuel farm equipment on the basis of elastic containers. The technological scheme of installation of gas-phase fluorination products from urethane and fluorine-containing elastomers is worked out the scheme of surface modification of rubber products is considered. Advanced methods of polymer modification are offered.
39-44 536
Abstract
The indicators are introduced for the assessment of durability under limited testing and operation of the objects PSG-600 on the basis of g-percentile lifetime. The algorithm was worked out to determine the source and the renewable resources on the basis of the resource strength research of component parts of the fuel field depot, including the period of safe operation n ≥ 1.
45-48 566
Abstract
A comparative study of the effectiveness of anti-wear additives to jet fuels Hitec-580, DNA and a mixture of tallow fatty acids was undertaken. It was proved that DNA additive is more effective than the additive Hitec-580, it improves the lubricity of hydrotreated kerosene fractions. A mixture of tallow fatty acids also offers high anti-wear performance.
49-54 570
Abstract
The article describes the developed modeling system in MATLAB Simulink which allows to simulate, explore and predict the technical condition of the units of the aircraft gas turbine engine fuel system depending on aviation fuel quality changes.
55-63 462
Abstract
Now days the questions related to the thermal non-destructive control of aviation constructions are more vital. In the article a mathematical design and model design of process of thermal control are considered for the exposure of removing layer by layer of filler from edging of multi-layered construction of air ship. Influence of temperature and duration of heating is considered on realization of thermal non-destructive control.
64-66 411
Abstract
The need of studying of jet fuels chemical stability incorporating a hydrogenation component is required. The kinetic method of an assessment of chemical stability of jet fuels is offered.
67-73 493
Abstract

While in operation aircraft components are replaced due to the end of their service life or failure. Needs formation of the operator in the replaceable components considerably determines the operating efficiency of the aircraft type and particular airplanes, as lack of components causes aircraft downtime and oversupply deadens the funds spent to purchase them. These processes are regulated by norms of consumption of materials and tools spare parts necessary and sufficient for aircraft operation.

This work considers the conditions of formation of spare parts rate of consumption for aircraft maintenance and repair and provides the calculations on the formation of these norms in current development conditions, manufacture and operation of domestically produced aircraft at various stages of their life cycle. 

74-79 448
Abstract
The article presents the analysis of aviation synthetic oils watering, as one of the most important factors affecting the engine wear of aircraft equipment, as well as the quality of oils during storage and use. Cause-and-effect relationship between the change of operational properties of synthetic aviation oils and their watering, as well as the influence of oil watering on flight safety are disclosed.
80-85 639
Abstract
The article considers the influence of the parameters of protective coating application process on the structure of the Nickel alloy. Experimental data of the conducted research of the microstructure alloy changes depending on the coating application process are presented. Recommendations on the Nickel alloy structure restoration after coating are proposed.
86-91 474
Abstract
The article emphasises that introduction of new generation aircrat into a domestic market of aviation transportation requires altering traditional methods and procedures to train inspectors of flight safety supervision. At present it is not sufficient to utilize traditional methods and techniques to train inspectors of flight safety supervision. Since a new generation inspector achieves the licence right to check theoretical knowledge and practical experience of experts of different categories. There fore, a module program including a series of training materials, for the key syllabuses of aviation specialists’ training, practical tasks and test assignments can reflect specifics of aviation transportation activity in full volume. The main objective of the module program to train the inspector of flight safety supervision is to observe and fix errors of professional duties according to the international requirements.
92-97 512
Abstract

In the augmented reality (AR) it is usually implied that the real world is augmented by virtual objects. But what about the augmentation of the virtual world by real objects? – such an “inverse” AR is required in airside driver training systems. Drivers of some airside vehicles have to move while working, that’s why traditional driving simulators (where the user has to sit in the driver’s chair) are not usable to train them. For example the drivers of airport cargo loaders have to move between two consoles – the driving console and the cargo console. The training of these drivers can be well implemented in the virtual reality (VR), but VR has a substantial drawback of a poor tactile feedback. Today’s haptic gloves provide very modest tactile effects which are absolutely insufficient for effective training.

The paper describes the system for the cargo loader drivers which solves this problem using the inverse AR: the physical models of the loader consoles are spatially aligned with the 3D models of these consoles by means of the precise tracking sensors located on the user’s hands, feet and head. Thus when the user touches the virtual control elements in VR he/she simultaneously touches the real control elements and this provides the full tactile feedback. The physical models of the consoles provide a signal input to control the virtual loader. 

98-104 455
Abstract
The model for assessing radio communication aids reliability in the form of discrete semi-Markovian process which characteristics are determined by the characteristics of acting interferences is offered and justified in the article. The method of calculating the reliability indexes of the radio communication aids operation with consideration of interference effects and the technical condition of transceiver facilities has been worked out.
105-111 433
Abstract

The actuality of problem of optimizing the set of technical facilities to provide aviation safety and security is determined by the necessity to develop aviation security provision system taking into account the analysis of threats while ensuring balance between expenses on security support and possible damage from the act of unlawful interference.

The offered method of optimization consists of two main stages: determination of the optimal total expenses and determination of the optimal set of technical facilities.

The first stage is devoted to analysing the threats and solving the task of optimization of total expenditures on the technical aids set used to ensure aviation safety and security which means searching for the minimum of total expenses goal function. These expenses constitute a sum of expenses spent on technical aids set and damage from the act of unlawful interference.

The second methodological stage deals with setting the task of parameters synthesis. To solve this task it is necessary to determine the main features of the technical aids set, the criterion of the system operation quality and restrictions imposed on the system.

Practical significance of the suggested method of optimization gives the possibility to solve the task of scientifically-grounded selection of technical aids set which is aimed at protecting from the acts of unlawful interference when guided by providing balance between expenses on aviation security and potential damage. 

112-116 412
Abstract

In the context of today’s economic situation in our country and the ways that are planned to improve it, it has been offered to recall the problem of scientific labor organization (NOTES) that makes it possible to provide an increase in economic efficiency of production without considerable extra capital expenditures.

The idea of article is to consider the factors at overcoming of which the application of scientific labor organization is aimed and to draw attention to the ways of solving labor protection tasks that emerge in labor process. 

117-123 496
Abstract
The article deals the results of calculating the basic parameters of VTOL aircraft, that has the vortex liftingtransporting system, based on the use of an aerodynamic effect of Magnus. Calculations showed that at the contemporary level of aircraft construction development it is possible to create a flight vehicle of such type, with takeoff mass about 120 tons, range and flight speed respectively 7000 km and 400 km/h.
124-128 469
Abstract

Modern aircraft have many restrictions on various aircraft performance parameters. First of all, you should underline operating limitations for the particular aircraft type, which determine the ultimate flight modes as the most difficult operating conditions. Violating the limit regimes can lead to critical modes and consequently to an emergency situation. The article examines the nature of in-flight emergencies, and causes of failures.

The article incorporates the classification and array of on-board facilities to prevent emergency situations, the examples of available on-board equipment to prevent emergencies. 

129-136 556
Abstract

Aviation events as a source of emergency volley impact on the environment have been offered for consideration in the article. The classification of the emerging pollution types and the analysis of the problems that arise when combustivelubricating materials spill at the place of airplane crash are presented in the article.

The system of measures aimed at reducing negative ecological impact on the soil of the affected territories through its detoxification has been offered. Carbon sorbents application has been proved. The dependences for calculating the necessary amount of active coals have been recommended. The proposed sequence of works to be carried out on the polluted territory has been shown. 

137-142 397
Abstract

The article deals with the actual problem of utilization of the solid waste resulting from activity of civil aviation as it is demanded by a state policy in the sphere of the Russian Federation transport. Existence of a significant amount of waste of a different classes of dauger allows to consider this problem in a complex with an individual approach to each class. Use of chemical reagents (acetic and (or) nitric acids) will allow to solve effectively the problem connected with utilization of the food multilayered packing materials accumulated in airports food services as well as a problem of processing similar solid waste in case of aviation incidents.

The technology of process of division, the modes of carrying out the process are recommended. Comparison of carrying out process efficiency for various reagents when changing the technological parameters is given. Division of layers of multilayered materials allows to use the technologies which are already approved in the industry for their utilization. It is shown that it will allow to solve the problem connected with the accumulation of food multilayered packing materials more effectively in civil aviation. 

143-150 539
Abstract
One of the important problems of the designing of maneuverable unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) is to ensure aeroelastic stability with automatic control system (ACS). One of the possible types of aeroelastic instability of UAV with ACS is loss of stability in the «rudder-actuator» system. To study the stability of the «rudder-actuator» system of the maneuverable UAV the linearized model was developed. The system consists of hard rudder, performing flexural and torsional oscillations, and the fixedly mounted control surface electric actuator. The «rudder-actuator» system has three degrees of freedom: bending of the rudder, the rotation of the rudder and the angular displacement of the actuator shaft. The rudder, performing bending-torsion oscillations in aerodynamic flow, in fact, is the loading for the actuator. Investigation of the «rudder-actuator» system stability is carried out by frequency method with the use of frequency characteristics of the open-loop system. An example of stability analysis of the «rudder-actuator» system is given.
151-156 438
Abstract
Determinating the tendencies in varying indices of flight safety and taking all the necessary measures to enhance flight safety for small airlines is becoming the complex problem. The article proposes the use of methods of the reproduction (multiplication) of statistical information on the flight safety, to determine the acceptable level of flight safety for small airlines via the designation of confidence intervals. A similar approach enables to obtain the artificial random distributions, for example, of the deviations of mean operating time of the flight accident (incident) from the mathematical expectation of this operating time under the conditions of using limited statistical data. On the entry of the controlled index, into one or another interval it is possible to judge the acceptability of the assessed risk of flight safety, and also to propose measures to decrease it as the minimum to the acceptable.
157-165 535
Abstract

The approved technological schemes and technical means for the water purification, which is formed at implementation of sanitary and hygienic procedures onboard the operated space stations are considered and compared. Data of various sources on a chemical composition of water pollution after different types of the works performed by crew before sanitary procedures are provided. The choice of the washing antibacterial means, the technological scheme of cleaning locates. The scheme of experimental installation for purification of sanitary and hygienic water with method of the return osmosis and the made experiments results is provided.

It is shown, that it is essentially possible to carry out regeneration of sanitary and hygienic water with the help of the reverse-osmosis modules released by the industry. Selectivity of the reverse-osmosis modules of various production to the chosen detergent exceeds 99%, and at pressure difference on a membrane of 0,8–10 MPa the pure extraction coefficient of 98% is reached. Express methods for a preliminary estimate of oxygen chemical consumption and detergent concentration in the polluted water, a method of an assessment of water purification quality on specific conductivity are offered. 

166-172 419
Abstract
The article deals with the dynamic behavior of the unevenly heated thin-walled conical shell of revolution of the aircraft fairing type under the loading conditions by shock wave in the gaseous environment, approximated by travelling load. The displacements of the shell, resulting from the preliminary uneven heating, are determined from the solution of the equations of thermoelastic equilibrium. Solution of the dynamic problem consists of the integration of the nonlinear equations of shell motion at the assigned initial displacement, zero initial velocities and boundary conditions, corresponding to the fastening of fairing. As a result of the solution of the presented problem the amplitudes of the fluctuations of the fairing nose edge are determined. It allows to determine the stress-strained state of shell for the purposes of the determination of its bearing capacity.
173-178 425
Abstract

The article consideres the requirements on personnel training for occupational safety service. For increasing the competitive ability of production and organization it is necessary to introduce new tools to provide work safety. Workers’ decrease of traumatism and occupational disease is the important issue. Possibly, the administrative system of occupational safety can become a similar tool. At present active introduction of the given system is under way in enterprises.

Well-trained staff of enterprises is the integral part of well operating administrative system of occupational safety. Therefore, the requirements towards specialists in the sphere of industrial safety are becoming tougher. The new professional standards were issued in 2014. It is necessary to alter professional training according to these standards. The article suggests the ways of training and retraining specialists in the sphere of occupational safety. 

179-187 969
Abstract

The article analyzes the benefits and drawbacks of the matrix of consequences and probability (ICAO risk matrix) as a method of safety risk assessment. The ICAO matrix is a qualitative method of risk management based on expert assessments of the degree of probability of individual possible events and of their consequences. The method is simple and easy to use, but can only assess separate differential risks.

The article shows the failure of using the ICAO matrix for quantitative risk assessment of «past events» and deviations in the operational activity of the airline and getting an integrated risk of the airline and its monitoring.

The article also describes the limitations of this method in solving the tasks of corrective measures prioritization in case of negative correlation between the probability and severity of consequences of events. 

188-196 473
Abstract

In the article the forecasts of the aircraft industry made within the framework of international foresight studies of the last decade are discussed. The objectives, scope, topics and level of detail of these projects are defined. Comparative analysis of foresight studies of the EU, Canada, France, USA, Australia, Japan, Korea, India and Russia allows to create a collective "Image of the Future" of the global aircraft industry, reflecting the wide range of customers needs and expectations.

In the twenty-first century foresight became an instrument of public policy building in developed countries. The foresight studies for aviation sector demonstrate noticeable differences: some of them are dedicated to the prospects of aircraft industry as a whole, others are studying special issues such as aviation safety. Most part of modern foresight projects consider the aviation prospects within the context of global challenges, environmental, energy and technological trends (development of new materials, intelligent technology, etc).

Technologies considered by leading foresight projects are grouped into 10 thematic areas: aircraft design; aircraft engines; new materials, methods of their creation and development; avionics; information and communication technologies; ecology and environment protection; energy saving; ground operations (including operation of airports); aviation security; air traffic management. Despite the existing differences of sectoral goal-setting, some sustainable priorities were found. Among them there are three technological groups: technologies improving ecological performance and reducing harmful emissions; development of new materials and coatings for the aviation industry; the improvement of aviation safety.

The performed analysis of aviation foresight results has shown the importance of strengthening international cooperation in the area of ecology, in particular the harmonization of environment protection requirements, of multidisciplinary approach to forecasting; orientation to the concept of "Grand Challenges", which provides for the transition from separate technology areas support to the search of complex solutions of the problems facing the world community. 



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ISSN 2079-0619 (Print)
ISSN 2542-0119 (Online)