Aerodynamic wing design of a training and aerobatic aircraft

Abstract

The trainer aircraft is a special class of light aircraft designed for initial flight training pilots and maintaining control skills at the required level. The use of specially designed trainer aircraft with additional safety features such as tandem control, favorable behavior of aerodynamic characteristics at high angles of attack and simplified cockpit layout allows pilots to master safely control skills of the aircraft. A step-by-step approach of flight training for civil and military pilots usually begins with mastering control skills on initial training aircraft. Currently, the Russian fleet of initial training aircraft is equipped primarily with Yakovlev Yak-52 aircraft, developed by the Yakovlev Design Bureau in 1974 based on the Yakovlev Yak-50 aerobatic aircraft. Further improvement of flight skills can be achieved on aerobatic aircraft category developed by the Sukhoi Design Bureau, for example, the Sukhoi Su-26 aircraft. Technical factors that influence the safety of training and the level of pilot training are the reliability and aircraft flight performance. Aircraft flight performance depends mainly on the wing aerodynamics, as well as on the available effectiveness of the control surfaces and the characteristics of the selected power plant. The level and nature of the behavior of the lift generated by the wing, including the one at high angles of attack, are determined by the wing planform and the characteristics of the assigned profile. Wing aerodynamics also has a significant impact on the aircraft controllability characteristics and safe piloting capabilities in the operational range of flight modes. Thus, meeting the requirements associated with ensuring the declared level of aircraft aerodynamic characteristics, as well as controllability at high angles of attack, together are the main goal of wing design.