CRITERIA OF THE AVIATION NOISE ASSESSMENT FOR AERODROME ENVIRONS ZONING OF THE AIRPORTS AND PROTECTIVE MEASURES JUSTIFICATION

Problems in the sphere of an adverse ecological effect assessment of aerodrome environs aviation noise are analyzed. It is noted, that there is no modern standard and methodical base for such assessment. It is shown that when planning the building, and also when developing noise-protective actions for residential areas in the zones of aviation noise increased level impact it’s most effectively to carry out acoustic zoning of areas near airports borders and flight routes. The system of transport sources noise rationing in Russia doesn't consider the established practice of its application. The aircraft of noisy types were actively taken out of service and aviation noise impact near the airports decreased, but the problem of noise protection, demands control when planning land use. Noise measurements in residential areas, near houses and inside, showed the excess of maximum allowed level values to 25-35 dBA (on equivalent value) and to 25-40 dBA (on the maximum value).As a consequence of the European states policy in the sphere of aviation noise management and of aerodrome environs zoning noise levels at the airports of Europe and their surroundings were stabilized and the sizes of noise contours were reduced. For different countries there was made the analysis of legislative bases of the implementation of the restriction requirement for residential areas and the possibility of using the territory under noise impact. For rationing theaerodrome environs noise of the airports it’s offered to take a sound equivalent level in which admissible values are ranged on three zones for the main standard criterion. The authors present acoustic measurements results in houses near the airport Vnukovo on condition of using standard two-chamber trimmable and folding windows with the ventilating valve. It is shown that the popular window designs can't provide inside noise reduction at night to the standard L Amax level = 45 dBA from the aviation source creating noise L Amax > 75 dBA; sound insulation efficiency of the used blocks is insufficient. Criteria of aviation noise assessment for zoning of the domestic airports aerodrome environs are offered.

airport, aviation noise, rationing, zoning of aerodrome environs, building restriction, environment protection

1. Hupe J. Environmental Report, ICAO. 2016. Pp. 8–9. Available at: http://www.icao.int/environmental-protection/Pages/ENV2016.aspx (accessed: 09.02.2017).

2. SC 2.2.4/2.1.8.562-96. Shum na rabochikh mestakh, v pomeshcheniyakh zhilykh, obshchestvennykh zdanii i na territorii zhiloi zastroiki: Sanitarnye normy [Noise on Workplaces, in Accommodation, Public Buildings and on the Territory of RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT: Sanitary Standards]. Available at: http://gostbank.metaltorg.ru/data/norms_new/sanpin/1.pdf (accessed: 09.02.2017). (in Russian)

3. Kartyshev O.A. Sanitary Zone Definition in the Airport Vicinity on the base of “Aviation Noise” Factor. The Scientific Bulletin of MSTUCA, 2010, no. 160, pp. 148–158. (in Russian)

4. Hupe J. Environmental Report, ICAO. 2016. Pp. 8–9. Available at: http://www.icao.int/environmental-protection/Pages/ENV2016.aspx (accessed: 09.02.2017).

5. O sostoyanii i problemakh organizatsii gosudarstvennogo sanitarno-epidemiologi-cheskogo nadzora za sanitarno-zashchitnymi zonami aeroportovykh kompleksov na territorii RF: Reshenie kollegii Rospotrebnadzora [About a State and Problems of the Organization of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological OVERSIGHT of Sanitary Protection Zones of Airport Complexes on the Territory of the Russian Federation: The Resolution of Federal Service for Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare board] from 21.06.2013. Available at: http://www.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=EXP;n=430310#0 (accessed: 09.02.2017) (in Russian)

6. Kartyshev O.A. Sanitary Zone Definition in the Airport Vicinity on the base of “Aviation Noise” Factor. The Scientific Bulletin of MSTUCA, 2010, no. 160, pp. 148–158. (in Russian)

7. Regulation 598/2014 of the European Parliament and the Council of 16 April 2014 on the establishment of rules and procedures with regard to the introduction of noise related operating restrictions at Union airports within a Balanced Approach and repealing Directive 2002/30/EC. / Noise in Europe 2014. European Aviation Environmental Report, 2014, no. 10, pp. 65–78. Available at: http://www.easa.europa.eu/eaer/references? (accessed: 11.02.2017).

8. O sostoyanii i problemakh organizatsii gosudarstvennogo sanitarno-epidemiologi-cheskogo nadzora za sanitarno-zashchitnymi zonami aeroportovykh kompleksov na territorii RF: Reshenie kollegii Rospotrebnadzora [About a State and Problems of the Organization of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological OVERSIGHT of Sanitary Protection Zones of Airport Complexes on the Territory of the Russian Federation: The Resolution of Federal Service for Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare board] from 21.06.2013. Available at: http://www.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=EXP;n=430310#0 (accessed: 09.02.2017) (in Russian)

9. Seritt Scott L. Recommendation for Approval Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport; Atlanta, Georgia: Airport Noise Compatibility program (NCP): Memorandum: 24/01/2008. Record of Approval FAR Part 150 Noise Compatibility Program. FAA. 2008. Available at: https://www.faa.gov/airports/environmental/airport_noise/part_150/states/ga/media/roa_georgia_012408.pdf (accessed: 12.02.2017).

10. Regulation 598/2014 of the European Parliament and the Council of 16 April 2014 on the establishment of rules and procedures with regard to the introduction of noise related operating restrictions at Union airports within a Balanced Approach and repealing Directive 2002/30/EC. / Noise in Europe 2014. European Aviation Environmental Report, 2014, no. 10, pp. 65–78. Available at: http://www.easa.europa.eu/eaer/references? (accessed: 11.02.2017).

11. Handling Noise Insulation Programs that Are Currently Underway. FAA. Airports. Airport Planning and Environment Division: Issued on 17.08.2012. FAA. 2012. 4 p. Available at: https://www.faa.gov/airports/environmental/airport_noise/media/handling-part-150-noise-programscurrently-underway.pdf (accessed: 11.02.2017).

12. Seritt Scott L. Recommendation for Approval Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport; Atlanta, Georgia: Airport Noise Compatibility program (NCP): Memorandum: 24/01/2008. Record of Approval FAR Part 150 Noise Compatibility Program. FAA. 2008. Available at: https://www.faa.gov/airports/environmental/airport_noise/part_150/states/ga/media/roa_georgia_012408.pdf (accessed: 12.02.2017).

13. Kartyshev O.A., Kartyshev M.O. Using Ecoflight Building Software Suite for Predictive Assessment and Development of Compensation Measures to Mitigate Impacts of Aircraft Noise in Areas Near Airports. ICAO Environmental Report, 2016, pp. 56–59.

14. Handling Noise Insulation Programs that Are Currently Underway. FAA. Airports. Airport Planning and Environment Division: Issued on 17.08.2012. FAA. 2012. 4 p. Available at: https://www.faa.gov/airports/environmental/airport_noise/media/handling-part-150-noise-programscurrently-underway.pdf (accessed: 11.02.2017).

15. Schomer P., Freydag J., Waldeck R. Evaluating Methods for Determining Interior Noise Levels Used in Airport Sound Insulation Programs: ACRP Report 152. National Academy of Sciences, 2017, Washington, 150 p. Available at: https://www.nap.edu/cata log/23473/evaluating-methods-fordetermining-interior-noise-levels-used-in-airport-sound-insulation-programs (accessed: 11.02.2017).

16. Kartyshev O.A., Kartyshev M.O. Using Ecoflight Building Software Suite for Predictive Assessment and Development of Compensation Measures to Mitigate Impacts of Aircraft Noise in Areas Near Airports. ICAO Environmental Report, 2016, pp. 56–59.

17. Standard Guide for Field Measurements of Airborne Sound Insolation of Building Facades and Façade Elements. ASTM International Standard E966-10. ASTM, 2011, 15 p. Available at: https://www.astm.org/DATABASE.CART/HISTORICAL/E966-10.htm (accessed: 12.02.2017).

18. Schomer P., Freydag J., Waldeck R. Evaluating Methods for Determining Interior Noise Levels Used in Airport Sound Insulation Programs: ACRP Report 152. National Academy of Sciences, 2017, Washington, 150 p. Available at: https://www.nap.edu/cata log/23473/evaluating-methods-fordetermining-interior-noise-levels-used-in-airport-sound-insulation-programs (accessed: 11.02.2017).

19. Nikolaikin N.I., Nikolaikina N. Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost'. Promyshlenno-transportnye i energeticheskie uzly [Ecological Safety. Industrial, Transport and Energetic Hubs]. Monograph. Saarbrucken. Deutschland: Verlag LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2016, 385 p. (in Russian)

20. Standard Guide for Field Measurements of Airborne Sound Insolation of Building Facades and Façade Elements. ASTM International Standard E966-10. ASTM, 2011, 15 p. Available at: https://www.astm.org/DATABASE.CART/HISTORICAL/E966-10.htm (accessed: 12.02.2017).

21. Nikolaikin N.I., Nikolaikina N. Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost'. Promyshlenno-transportnye i energeticheskie uzly [Ecological Safety. Industrial, Transport and Energetic Hubs]. Monograph. Saarbrucken. Deutschland: Verlag LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2016, 385 p. (in Russian)