The use of higher aquatic vegetation for airports wastewater final purification
https://doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2020-23-3-73-82
Abstract
It has been shown that with air transportation rise it is necessary to increase the efficiency of storm and wastewater purification from the territory of the airports and other air enterprises. It is suggested to use higher aquatic vegetation to protect the environment from airborne pollutants into natural water reservoirs. For further step of final cleanup it is proposed to use aquatic hyacinth – Eichornia. The rationalization for the plant selection is provided, its essential characteristics and the way for extracting pollutants out of the aquatic environment during the metabolism process are described. The technique of experiments on determining the effectiveness of biological wastewater purification within the conditions of the central part of the country is discussed in terms of Moscow region. The measurement results of suspended materials and petrochemicals concentrations in water before and after purification in sediment ponds are presented. The effectiveness of biological purification is shown. The possibility of using water hyacinth for purification of some superficial water reservoirs is also outlined. It is recommended all the year round to use protecting constructions (covers) in open purification plants, then under protected conditions metabolism processes can proceed in the rhizome, stems and foliage of the vegetation even in the autumn-winter period. It is proposed to recycle the used biomass for commercial purposes as a livestock fodder additive under the certain conditions that have been defined. The algorithm of preserving seedlings in the cold season and their subsequent planting in water reservoirs in spring is discussed. It is economically feasible to use biological final purification by aquatic hyacinth but observing the unusual environmental safety measures that have been formulated is required. Practicability of further prospective work on producing specialized ecosystems involving higher aquatic vegetation for nature-like integrated purification of certain types of wastewater was underlined.
About the Authors
N. E. Nikolaykina
Moscow Polytechnical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalia E. Nikolaykina, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, The Head of Chemistry and Biotechnologies Chair
Moscow
N. I. Nikolaykin
Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nikolay I. Nikolaykin, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, the Professor of Flight and Life Safety Chair
Moscow
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Review
For citations:
Nikolaykina N.E., Nikolaykin N.I. The use of higher aquatic vegetation for airports wastewater final purification. Civil Aviation High Technologies. 2020;23(3):73-82. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2020-23-3-73-82
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