Operational notifying aircraft crew about dangerous meteorological phenomena in the zones of arctic landing sites

Meteorological support for aviation is an essential element of an integrated system for air traffic management as incorrect meteorological information about hazardous meteorological conditions has a significant impact on the level of flight safety and on all aspects of air traffic management. At present, a number of decisions have been taken at the state level in Russia, according to which a large-scale program is being implemented to develop the infrastructure of the Far North and the Arctic regions, the development of territories, the coast of the Northern Sea Route, and the development of mineral deposits. The climate of the Arctic is one of the severest on Earth. The instability of the meteorological situation is expressed in a sharp change in the wind direction and speed, a decrease in the height of the cloud cover, the rapid inflow of fog from the sea on the coast. Strong winds cause a snowstorm and drifting snow, in summer, under the influence of a powerful cyclone, a sudden increase in air temperature is possible. These natural factors together create adverse, at times extreme climatic conditions, which lead to the emergence of meteorological hazards dangerous to aviation. These phenomena are difficult to predict and significant in terms of impact. Making landing and takeoff in the Arctic, as a rule, is associated with an increased risk. This is due to the fact that temporary aerodromes and landing sites have minimal aerodrome equipment, meteorological provision is almost completely or partially not available, there are no statistical data on weather peculiarities at the place of take-off and landing. The problem of servicing landing sites is the use of outdated equipment, lack or inability of permanent maintenance staff residing in the area. Taking into account the above facts, for effective and safe use of aviation in the Arctic region, it is necessary to automate as much as possible the processes of obtaining, processing and reporting to the crews data on the meteorological situation in the area of the landing site and on the flight route. The article discusses the need to use automated systems for collecting, processing and transmitting meteorological information to inform crews of aircraft carrying out take-offs and landings in the areas of aircraft and helicopter landing areas of the Arctic zone about the state of the surface layer of the atmosphere and the altitudes where icing is possible.

hazardous meteorological phenomena, atmospheric sounding, temperature profile meter, weather station, landing areas, icing, information service in flight

1. Sherstyukov, B.G. (2016). Klimaticheskie usloviya Arktiki i novye podhody k prognozu izmeneniya klimata [Arctic climatic conditions and new approaches to the forecast of climate change]. Arctic and North, no. 24, рр. 39–67 (in Russian)

2. Baranov, A.M., Mazurin, N.I., Solonin, S.V. and Yankovsky, I.A. (1966). Aviatsionnaya meteorologiya [Aeronautical meteorology]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 281 р. (in Russian)

3. Akselevich, V.I., Mazurov, G.I. and Khayrullin, K.Sh. (2017). Gidrometeorologicheskie opasnosti Arktiki i metodika ikh monitoringa [Hydrometeorological Hazards of the Arctic and Methodology for their Monitoring]. Scholarly Notes оf Transbaikal State University. Ser. Physics, Mathematics, Engineering, Technology, vol. 12, no. 4, рр. 29–37. (in Russian)

4. Mazurov, G.I. and Nesteruk, V.N. (1992). Meteorologicheskie usloviya i polety vertoletov [Meteorological conditions and helicopter flights]. St. Petersburg: Gidrometeoizdat, 254 р.

5. Shakina, N.P., Skriptunova, E.N., Ivanova, A.R. and Gorlach, I.A. (2010). O rezultatakh ispytaniya metoda prognoza zon vozmozhnogo obledeneniya vozdushnykh sudov [On the results of testing the forecast method for zones of possible icing of aircraft]. Informatsionnyy sbornik No. 37. Rezultaty ispytaniya novykh i usovershenstvovannykh tekhnologiy, modeley i metodov gidrometeorologicheskikh prognozov [Information collection No. 37. Results of testing new and improved technologies, models and methods for hydro-meteorological forecasts]. Moscow, Obninsk: IG-SOTSIN, рр. 142–153. (in Russian)

6. Bolelov, E.A., Korablev, Y.N., Baranov, N.A., Demin, S.S. and Eshchenko, A.A. (2017). Kompleksnaya obrabotka meteoinformatsii v aerodromnykh mobilnykh kompleksakh meteolokatsii i zondirovaniya atmosfery [Complex processing of meteorological information in aerodrome mobile complexes of weathering and sounding of the atmosphere]. Scientific Bulletin of The State Scientific Research Institute of Civil Aviation (GosNII GA), vol. 20, no. 331, рр. 82–92. (in Russian)

7. Baranov, N.A. and Turchak, L.I. (2017). Otsenka riska obledeneniya vozdushnykh sudov po dannym temperaturnogo zondirovaniya atmosfery [Assessment of the risk of icing of aircraft based on temperature sounding of the atmosphere]. Materials of the 20th Jubilee International Conference on Computational Mechanics and Modern Applied Systems (VMSPPS'2017). Moscow: MAI, рр. 732–734. (in Russian)

8. Bochkarev, V.V., Kravtsov, V.F. and Kryzhanovskiy, G.A. (2003). Kontseptsiya i sistemy CNS/ATM v grazhdanskoy aviatsii [Concept and CNS/ATM systems in civil aviation]. Moscow: Akademkniga, 415 p. (in Russian)