CHOICE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL AND EXTERNAL GAS RUDDER GEOMETRY OF DECLINATION SYSTEM OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE

A choice of material and external geometry for gas rudder of the declination system of unmanned aerial vehicle are considered. When selecting material the main criterion is the quantity of the ablative material from the gas rudder surface in a unit of time. That is, the material should be chosen in such a way that when exposed to a gas jet the gas rudder is not burnt immediately, and ensures its efficiency during the entire time allotted to its work. The main material loss occurs at the leading edge of the gas rudder. The thermoerosion-resistant material (graphite, molybdenum, etc.) is chosen to reduce this harmful effect.

Characteristics of the gas flow around the rudder affect the selection of geometric parameters of the gas rudder. Obtaining the reliable results is hampered by uneven gas flow from the nozzle, the presence of unburned particles of the fuel, a blunt profile of the rudder; influence of its side edges on the flow around and interference with the nozzle walls. The configuration of the rudder shall be chosen to provide the desired value of the force at the completion of the work of the rudder with the expected burnout of its leading edge. The final decision on the choice of parameters of the gas rudder is based on the analysis of a large number of model and full-scale tests of the rudders-analogues.

The technique of the structural material choice and the external geometry of the gas rudder of the unmanned aerial vehicle declination system is proposed. The technique is based on the relations obtained on the basis of experimental data processing of gas jets impact on the rudders, made of different structural materials. An example of solving the problem of structural material and the external geometry choice of the gas rudder is given.

1. Afanas'yev P.P., Golubev I.S., Levochkin S.B., Novikov V.N., Parafes' S.G., Pestov M.D., Turkin I.K. Bespilotnye letatel'nye apparaty. Osnovy ustrojstva i funktsionirovaniya [Unmanned aerial vehicles. Fundamentals of structure and functioning]. Ed. by I.S. Golubev and I.K. Turkin. M., MAI publ., 2010, 654 p. (in Russian)

2. Arhangel'skij I.I., Afanas'ev P.P., Bolotov E.G., Golubev I.S., Levochkin S.B., Matveenko A.M., Mizrohi V.Ya., Novikov V.N., Ostapenko S.N., Svetlov V.G. Proektirovanie zenitnyh upravlyaemyh raket [Design of anti-aircraft guided missiles]. Ed. by I.S. Golubeva, V.G. Svetlov. M., “Exlebris-press” Publishing house, 2013, 764 p. (in Russian)

3. Petrash V.Yа., Kovalenko A.I. Raschet parametrov i harakteristik letatel'nyh apparatov s ustrojstvami gazodinamicheskogo upravleniya [Calculation of parameters and characteristics of aircraft with gas-dynamic control devices]. M., MAI publ., 2003, 93 p. (in Russian)

4. Mizrohi V.Ya. Proektirovanie upravleniya zenitnyh raket [Design of control of anti-aircraft missiles]. M., “Exlebris-press” Publishing house, 2010, 252 p. (in Russian)

5. Timarov A.G., Efremov A.N., Bul’bovich R.V. Chislennoye modelirovanie vliyaniye unosa gazovyh ruley na upravlayushie usiliya [Numerical simulation of jet vane carry-over effect on steering effort]. Vestnik Kontserna VKO “Almaz-Antey” [Bulletin of the Concern "Almaz-Antei"], 2016, No. 3, pp. 47–51. (in Russian)

6. Dunaev V.A., Nikitin V.A., Stolbovskoy V.N. Issledovanie vliyaniya formy gazovogo rulya na velichinu poter’ tyagi v processe raboty RDTT metodom matematicheskogo modelirovaniya [The research of the gas rudder form influence on draught losses size in the course of firm fuel rocket engine work by means of mathematical modeling]. Izvestija Tulskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Tekhnicheskie nauki [New of Tula State University. Technical sciences], 2011, Issue 2, pp. 68–74. (in Russian)

7. Stolbovskoy V.N. Issledovanie vliyaniya konstruktivnih parametrov gazovogo rulya RDTT i ugla ego povorota na poteri tyagi i upravlyayushie usiliya [The research of the gas rudder data influence of firm fuel rocket engine and its turn angle on draught losses and operating effort]. Izvestija Tulskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Tekhnicheskie nauki [New of Tula State University. Technical sciences], 2011, Issue 2, pp. 75–81. (in Russian)

8. Springer G.S., Yang C.I. A Model for the Rain Erosion of Fiber Reinforced Composites. AIAA Journal, 1975, No. 13, pp. 887–883.

9. Chen Q. Comparison of different k-ε models for indoor air flow computations. Numerical Heat Transfer, 1995, Part B, Vol. 28, pp. 353–369.

10. Yogesh M., Hari Rao A.N. Solid Particle Erosion response of fiber and particulate filled polymer based hybrid composites: A review. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 (Part – 4), January 2016, pp. 25–39.

11. Parafes' S.G., Vindeker A.V. Vybor materiala i geometricheskih parametrov gazovogo rulya sistemy skloneniya bespilotnogo letatel'nogo apparata [Choice of material and geometric parameters of a gas rudder of declination system of unmanned aerial vehicle]. Grazhdanskaya aviaciya na sovremennom ehtape razvitiya nauki, tekhniki i obshchestva. Sbornik tezisov dokladov uchastnikov Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-tekhnicheskoj konferencii, posvyashchennoj 45-letiyu Universiteta. 18–20 maya 2016 goda [Civil Aviation on the modern stage of science, engineering, society development. A collection of participants’ abstracts of the International scientific and technical Conference devoted to the 45th anniversary of the University]. May 18–20, 2016. M., MSTUCA publ., 2016, p. 91. (in Russian)

12. Parafes' S.G., Vindeker A.V. Vybor kostruktsionnogo materiala I formy gazovogo rulya sistemy skloneniya bespilotnogo letatelnogo apparata [Choice of structural material and forms of a gas rudder declination system for unmanned aerial vehicle]. 15-ya Mezhdunarodnaya konferentsiya “Aviatsiya i kosmonavtika” [The 15th International Conference "Aviation and Cosmonautics – 2016"] November 14–18th, 2016. Moscow, Abstracts, Printing house "Luxor", 2016, p. 99. (in Russian)