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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caht</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный вестник МГТУ ГА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Civil Aviation High Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-0619</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0119</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (MSTU CA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caht-432</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Становление и развитие теории информации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE THEORY OF INFORMATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушакова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushakova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>МГТУ ГА</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><issue>215</issue><fpage>112</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ушакова А.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ушакова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ushakova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/432">https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/432</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена проблематике теории информации. Рассматриваются три подхода к анализу информации: синтаксический подход, основной целью которого является установить количественную меру информации, семантический подход, который формулирует понятие информации в качестве соотношения языковой системы с материальными объектами и отображаемыми ею явлениями, и прагматический подход, который содержит вопросы цели, ценности, полезности информации. Знания, полученные с помощью указанных подходов, дают возможность понять природу количественной и качественной сторон информации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is about information theory. Three of her levels are treated in details: syntactic (an approach whose main purpose is to establish a quantitative measure of information), semantic (an approach that formulates the concept of information as a ratio of the language system with material objects and phenomena displayed by it) and pragmatic (an approach that includes the questions of goals, values, useful information). The know ledge gained by using the above concepts, provide an opportunity to understand the nature of quantitative and qualitative information of the parties.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>теория информации</kwd><kwd>энтропия и негэнтропия</kwd><kwd>ценность информации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>information theory</kwd><kwd>entropy and negentropy</kwd><kwd>the value of information</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Винер Н. 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