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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caht</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный вестник МГТУ ГА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Civil Aviation High Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-0619</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0119</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (MSTU CA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26467/2079-0619-2025-28-5-76-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caht-2641</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MECHANICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Расчетно-экспериментальная методика исследования лобового стекла самолета на птицестойкость</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Calculation and experimental methodology for studying the aircraft windshield for bird strike resistance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепешкин</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepeshkin</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лепешкин Александр Роальдович, доктор технических наук, доцент, профессор кафедрыпроектирования и сертификации авиационной техники  </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander R. Lepeshkin, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Design and Certification of Aeronautical Equipment Department </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lepeshkin.ar@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аунг</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aung</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аунг Кхайн Мьинт, аспирант кафедры проектирования и сертификации авиационной техники </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khain M. Aung, Postgraduate Student of the Design and Certification of Aeronautical Equipment Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aung.khinemyint@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский авиационный институт (национальный исследовательский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лепешкин А.Р., Аунг К.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лепешкин А.Р., Аунг К.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lepeshkin A.R., Aung K.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/2641">https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/2641</self-uri><abstract><p>Конструкция лобового стекла играет важную роль в изучении проблемы птицестойкости остекления, поэтому большое внимание при исследованиях уделяется не только разработке конечно-элементных моделей остекления и птицы, но и анализу различных геометрий и материалов. В результате удара в соответствии с международными сертификационными стандартами лобовое стекло должно не только выдерживать удар проникновения птицы, но и не допускать полной фрагментации всех прозрачных материалов, обеспечивать приемлемую видимость для безопасного продолжения полета и посадки. Разработана методика расчетного моделирования динамического процесса удара птицы по полной структуре лобового стекла (одной панели) самолета в пакете программ LS DYNA. В методике численного моделирования птицестойкости остекления использован SPH-метод для учета параметров птицы. Стекло в расчетной модели рассматривается как упругопластичный хрупкий материал, в то время как полимерная прослойка ведет себя как вязкая среда, обеспечивающая высокую деформацию перед разрушением и хорошую прочность на разрыв. В качестве модели птицы выбран цилиндр. В соответствии с требованиями отказобезопасности лобовое стекло является многослойным. Получены результаты численного моделирования ударного динамического процесса и напряженно-деформированного состояния лобового стекла, которые подтверждают способность стекла выдерживать удар птицы с учетом своих свойств материала и геометрических характеристик (малые углы удара и двойная кривизна), что позволяет птице скользить вдоль лобового стекла и тем самым снизить передающуюся ему кинетическую энергию. По результатам расчетного моделирования лобовое стекло выдержало удар птицы. Кроме того, получены результаты расчетных исследований, которые позволили оценить влияние углов удара птиц разной массы на напряжения поверхности лобового стекла, а также угла наклона лобового стекла при оценке птицестойкости, что можно использовать при проектировании конструкции лобового стекла. Результаты исследований и испытаний лобового стекла самолета на птицестойкость с применением предложенной методики с пневматической пушкой подтвердили результаты расчетного моделирования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The windshield design plays an important role in studying the problem of bird strike resistance of glazing, therefore the researchers pay much attention not only to the development of finite element models of glazing and the bird, but also to the analysis of various geometries and materials. As a result of the impact, in accordance with the international certification standards, the windshield must not only withstand the bird strike, but also prevent complete fragmentation of all transparent materials, provide acceptable visibility for safe flight continuation and landing. A technique for computational modeling of the dynamic process of a bird strike on the full structure of the aircraft windshield (one panel) in the LS DYNA software package has been developed. In the computational modeling technique of bird strike resistance of glazing, the SPH method is used to take into account the bird parameters. In the computational model glass is considered as an elastic-plastic brittle material, while the polymer interlayer behaves as a viscous medium providing high deformation before destruction and good tensile strength. A cylinder is selected as a bird model. In accordance with the requirements of the fail-safe performance, the windshield is multilayered. The results of computational modeling of the impact dynamic process and the stress-strain state of the windshield were obtained, which confirm the ability of the glass to withstand a bird strike, taking into account its material properties and geometric characteristics (small impact angles and double curvature), which allows the bird to slide along the windshield and thereby reduce the kinetic energy transferred to it. According to the results of the computational modeling, the windshield withstood the bird strike. In addition, the results of computational studies were obtained, which made it possible to estimate the effect of the bird strike angles, where the birds were of different masses, on the stresses of the windshield surface, as well as the angle of the windshield inclination when assessing bird strike resistance, which can be used when designing the windshield structure. The results of the research and tests of the aircraft windshield for bird strike resistance using the proposed methodology with a pneumatic gun confirmed the results of the computational modeling.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>методика</kwd><kwd>конечно-элементное моделирование</kwd><kwd>модель птицы</kwd><kwd>напряженно-деформированное состояние лобового стекла</kwd><kwd>птицестойкость</kwd><kwd>пневматическая пушка</kwd><kwd>угол удара</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>methodology</kwd><kwd>finite element modeling</kwd><kwd>bird model</kwd><kwd>stress-strain state of windshield</kwd><kwd>bird strike resistance</kwd><kwd>pneumatic gun</kwd><kwd>impact angle</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шершаков С.М. Устройство для заброса птиц и других посторонних предметов при испытаниях летательных аппаратов / С.М. Шершаков, А.Р. 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