cahtНаучный вестник МГТУ ГАCivil Aviation High Technologies2079-06192542-0119Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (MSTU CA)10.26467/2079-0619-2025-28-4-84-104caht-2596Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSРазвитие автономных систем управления полетом опционально пилотируемых винтокрылых летательных аппаратовThe development of autonomous flight control systems for optionally manned rotary-wing aircraftМясниковМ. И.MyasnikovM. I.

Мясников Максим Игоревич, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент кафедры проектирования вертолетов

Москва

Maxim I. Myasnikov, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor, Chair of Helicopter Design 

Moscow

miasnikovmi@mail.ruИльинИ. Р.IlyinI. R.

Ильин Игорь Римович, главный специалист отдела координации и комплексного анализа

Томилино

Igor R. Ilyin, Chief Specialist of the Department for Coordination and Comprehensive Analysis of Scientific Research and Technological Development Projects 

Moscow

i.ilin@nhcmk.ruМосковский авиационный институт (национальный исследовательский университет)РоссияMoscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)Russian FederationНациональный центр вертолетостроения им. М.Л. Миля и Н.И. КамоваРоссияJSC National Helicopter Center Мil &KamovRussian Federation20250709202528484104Copyright © Мясников М.И., Ильин И.Р., 20252025Мясников М.И., Ильин И.Р.Myasnikov M.I., Ilyin I.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/2596

В настоящей статье рассмотрена эволюция электрических дистанционных систем управления полетом (ЭДСУ) винтокрылых летательных аппаратов, начиная от первых аналоговых до современных автономных систем управления полетом. Такие системы управления полетом могут заменить пилота в трудных погодных условиях и экстремальных ситуациях, тем самым повышая безопасность полета. При правильной интеграции автономного полета с ручным управлением появится возможность свести к минимуму критические, связанные с человеческим фактором, причины летных происшествий, таких как столкновение с наземными препятствиями или потеря пространственной ориентации в сложных метеоусловиях. Автономный режим пилотирования подразумевает контроль и проверку поступающих от пилота входных сигналов, их сравнение с целями полетного задания и существующими на данный момент времени погодными условиями (и накладываемыми в связи с этим ограничениями). Система может включать пилота в контур управления и уведомлять его об этом, а в экстремальной ситуации вообще исключать его участие. Современные системы автономного управления рассмотрены на примере летающей лаборатории RASCAL JUH-60A, которая использовалась для отработки элементов системы дистанционного управления вертолета UH-60M Black Hawk при его модернизации. 

This article examines the evolution of fly-by-wire (FBW) flight control systems for rotary-wing aircraft, from early analogue to modern autonomous flight control systems. Such flight control systems can replace a pilot in case of adverse weather conditions and extreme situations, thereby enhancing flight safety. Proper integration of autonomous flight with manual control will minimize the critical human factor-related causes of flight accidents, such as collision with ground obstacles or loss of spatial orientation in severe meteorological conditions. Autonomous piloting mode implies monitoring and verification of input signals from the pilot and their comparison with targets of flight mission and current weather conditions (and restrictions imposed in connection with it). The system can include the pilot in the control loop and notify him of this, eliminating his activity in case of emergency. Modern autonomous control systems are considered based on the example of the flying testbed RASCAL JUH-60A, which was used to test elements of the FBW for the UH-60M Black Hawk helicopter during its modernization. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.