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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caht</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный вестник МГТУ ГА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Civil Aviation High Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-0619</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0119</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (MSTU CA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26467/2079-0619-2025-28-2-51-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caht-2546</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТРАНСПОРТНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Транспортная связанность и авиационная подвижность населения в развивающихся странах с горным рельефом: опыт Кыргызской Республики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transport connectivity and aviation mobility of the population in developing countries with mountainous terrain: Experience of the Kyrgyz Republic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курманов</surname><given-names>У. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurmanov</surname><given-names>U. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курманов Улан Эсембекович, кандидат технических наук, профессор, директор </p><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ulan E. Kurmanov, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Director </p><p>Bishkek</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulan.kurmanov@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салморбекова</surname><given-names>Р. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salmorbekova</surname><given-names>R. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салморбекова Рита Бобуевна, доктор социологических наук, профессор кафедры естественно-научных дисциплин </p><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rita B. Salmorbekova, Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Natural Science Disciplines </p><p>Bishkek</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r.salmorbekova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исмаилова</surname><given-names>Ж. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ismailova</surname><given-names>Zh. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исмаилова Жыргал Кусейиновна, кандидат философских наук, доцент, заместитель директора по научной работе </p><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhyrgal K. Ismailova, Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Deputy Director for Scientific Work </p><p>Bishkek</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhyismailova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полешкина</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poleshkina</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полешкина Ирина Олеговна, доктор технических наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник отдела научных исследований </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina O. Poleshkina, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher in the Research Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ipoleshkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кыргызский авиационный институт им. И. Абдраимова</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kyrgyz Aviation Institute named after I. Abdraimova</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный технический университет гражданской авиации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Курманов У.Э., Салморбекова Р.Б., Исмаилова Ж.К., Полешкина И.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курманов У.Э., Салморбекова Р.Б., Исмаилова Ж.К., Полешкина И.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurmanov U.E., Salmorbekova R.B., Ismailova Z.K., Poleshkina I.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/2546">https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/2546</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье на примере Кыргызской Республики анализируется состояние транспортной системы страны с развивающейся экономикой, расположенной в горной местности с большими перепадами высот и не имеющей выхода к морю. Цель исследования – выявить потенциальные возможности воздушного транспорта (ВТ) в странах с горным рельефом для обеспечения связанности во внутреннем и международном сообщении. Основу исследования составляет метод анализа топологии транспортной сети, позволяющий выявить дефекты, сдерживающие обеспечение достаточного уровня пространственной связанности территории. Оценка спроса на пассажирские перевозки проведена с помощью статистического анализа пассажиропотока по видам транспорта за период с 1991 по 2023 год и расчета показателя количества совершенных перелетов на одного местного жителя в год. С целью выявления потенциального спроса на пассажирские перевозки воздушным транспортом проведен опрос местных жителей. Результаты исследования показали, что более 80 % пассажирских перевозок республики в междугородном сообщении осуществляются автомобильным транспортом, при этом 12 % населенных пунктов не соединены автобусным сообщением. Во многих высокогорных населенных пунктах автомобильное сообщение прекращается в определенные месяцы из-за обледенения, схода лавин и оползней, что приводит к транспортной изоляции. Начиная с 1985 года наблюдается изменение периода повторяемости оползней и смещение сезонных сроков с марта – мая на январь – июнь. Установлено, что ВТ является востребованной альтернативой выполнения пассажирских перевозок в указанные месяцы. За период с 2013 по 2023 год пассажиропоток в международных аэропортах Манас и Ош увеличился более чем в 2 раза, а в реконструированных аэропортах Иссык-Куль и Джалал-Абад – в 27 и 7 раз соответственно. В качестве основных факторов, сдерживающих рост авиационной подвижности населения, выявлены недостаточность внутренней маршрутной сети, низкая регулярность рейсов, отсутствие прямых рейсов в страны Европы и США. Открытие новых международных рейсов позволит реализовать туристический потенциал республики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyses the state of the transport system of the Kyrgyz Republic as an example of landlocked country with a developing economy located in a mountainous area with a large altitude range. The aim of the study is to identify the potential of air transport (AT) in countries with mountainous terrain to ensure connectivity in domestic and international traffic. The study is based on the method of analyzing the topology of the transport network, which allows identifying defects that hinder the provision of a sufficient level of spatial connectivity of the territory. The demand for passenger traffic was assessed by means of statistical analysis of passenger traffic by type of transport for the period from 1991 to 2023 and calculation of indicator of the number of flights per local resident per year. In order to identify the potential demand for passenger carrying operations, a survey of local residents was conducted. The results of the study showed that more than 80 percent of intercity passenger traffic in the republic is carried out by road transport, while 12 percent of settlements are not connected by buses. In many high-mountainous settlements, road traffic is interrupted during certain months due to icing, avalanches and landslides, resulting in transport isolation. Since 1985, there has been a change in the recurrence period of landslides and a shift in seasonal timing from March-May to January-June. It was found that air transport is a popular alternative for passenger traffic during these months. Over the period from 2013 to 2023, passenger traffic at the international airports of Manas and Osh increased more than doubled, and at the reconstructed airports of Issyk-Kul and Jalal-Abad – 27 and 7 times respectively. Insufficient domestic route network, low flight regularity, lack of direct flights to Europe and the USA were identified as the main factors constraining the growth of aviation mobility of the population. The opening of new international flights will make it possible to reach the tourism potential of the republic.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>транспортная связанность</kwd><kwd>транспортная дискриминация</kwd><kwd>воздушный транспорт</kwd><kwd>авиационная подвижность населения</kwd><kwd>топология транспортной сети</kwd><kwd>горные поселения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>transport connectivity</kwd><kwd>transport discrimination</kwd><kwd>air transport</kwd><kwd>aviation mobility of the population</kwd><kwd>topology of the transport network</kwd><kwd>mountainous settlements</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Курманов У.Э. 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