<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caht</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный вестник МГТУ ГА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Civil Aviation High Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-0619</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0119</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (MSTU CA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26467/2079-0619-2023-26-3-25-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caht-2208</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТРАНСПОРТНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности и недостатки систем предупреждения выкатывания воздушного судна за пределы взлетно-посадочной полосы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Aircraft overrun warning systems capabilities and disadvantages</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородкин</surname><given-names>С. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodkin</surname><given-names>S. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бородкин Сергей Филиппович, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры аэродинамики конструкции и прочности летательных аппаратов</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey F. Borodkin, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Aerodynamics, Design and Aircraft Strength Chair</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.borodkin@mstuca.aero</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волынчук</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volynchuk</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волынчук Алексей Игоревич, аспирант кафедры аэродинамики конструкции и прочности летательных аппаратов</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey I. Volynchuk, Postgraduate Student of the Aerodynamics, Design and Aircraft Strength Chair</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksej_vol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киселев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiselev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киселев Михаил Анатольевич, доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой аэродинамики конструкции и прочности летательных аппаратов</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Kiselev, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, The Head of the Aerodynamics, Design and Aircraft Strength Chair</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.kiselev@mstuca.aero</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петров Юрий Владимирович, доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой технической механики и инженерной графики</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuriy V. Petrov, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, The Head of the Technical Mechanics and Engineering Graphics Chair</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctor561@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный технический университет гражданской авиации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бородкин С.Ф., Волынчук А.И., Киселев М.А., Петров Ю.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бородкин С.Ф., Волынчук А.И., Киселев М.А., Петров Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Borodkin S.F., Volynchuk A.I., Kiselev M.A., Petrov Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/2208">https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/2208</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время все большее внимание авиационной общественности и властей уделяется безопасности полетов на этапе посадки. Это объясняется повышенной частотой инцидентов на финальном этапе полета и значительными угрозами, связанными с последствиями этих событий. Статистика авиационных происшествий показывает, что с 1959 по 2019 год 55 % всех катастроф в мире произошли на этапах посадки и взлета. Указанные катастрофы стали причинами 51 % всех смертельных случаев на борту воздушных судов. В большинстве случаев причины этих авиационных происшествий связаны с каким-либо видом человеческой ошибки. Нерасчетные условия на аэродроме также оказывают значительное негативное влияние на вероятность и тяжесть авиационных происшествий. Растущая интенсивность полетов и загруженность воздушного пространства, жесткие ограничения, налагаемые управлением воздушного движения, необходимость выполнения множества процедур и общее напряжение экипажа в сочетании с динамически изменяющимися внешними условиями способны дезориентировать экипаж и привести к посадке с превышением установленных ограничений. Поиск решения в части предотвращения выкатываний воздушного судна за пределы взлетно-посадочной полосы активно ведется как на уровне авиационных властей, так и на уровнях производителей и эксплуатантов. В рамках данной обзорной статьи проанализированы основные внешние и эксплуатационные факторы, влияющие на динамику и характер пробега воздушного судна по взлетно-посадочной полосе, в том числе на примере нескольких катастроф, произошедших за последние годы. Кроме того, в статье особое внимание уделено рассмотрению методов предотвращения и предупреждения выкатываний воздушного судна на основе принципов активной защиты. В частности, в статье рассмотрены основные аспекты работы бортовых электронных систем, устанавливаемых на воздушных судах производства Boeing и Airbus, выделены возможные направления их совершенствования. Особое внимание уделено влиянию пилота и возможности учета его действий в прогнозировании исхода посадки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, attention of the aviation community and authorities is being increasingly focused on flight safety in the landing phase. It is accounted for the increased frequency of incidents in the final phase of flight and significant threats associated with the consequences of these events. The statistics of aviation accidents reveals that from 1959 to 2019, 55% of aircraft crashes in the world occurred in the phases of landing and takeoff. The given crashes resulted in 51% of all fatalities on board aircraft. In most cases, causes of these aviation accidents are involved with some kind of human error. Off-design conditions at an aerodrome also have a significant adverse effect on the aviation accident potential and severity. The increasing intensity of flights, airspace congestion, strict ATC-imposed restrictions, the necessity to perform a variety of procedures and general flight crew stress in conjunction with dynamically changing external conditions can disorient a flight crew and lead to a landing with a flight envelope overrange. The search for a solution in terms of preventing aircraft overruns is actively being conducted both by aviation authorities and aircraft manufacturers and operators. Within the framework of this review, the major external and operational factors, affecting the dynamics and the nature of the aircraft roll via the runway, are analyzed, including the context of several accidents that have occurred in recent years. In addition, the article emphasizes the methods to prevent and anticipate aircraft overruns based on the principles of active protection. In particular, the article examines the main operation aspects of onboard avionics systems installed on Boeing and Airbus aircraft and highlights the focus areas of their upgrading. Special attention is paid to the influence of the pilot and the possibility of taking his actions into account to predict an outcome of landing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>посадка</kwd><kwd>взлетно-посадочная полоса (ВПП)</kwd><kwd>выкатывание</kwd><kwd>перелет</kwd><kwd>безопасность полетов</kwd><kwd>бортовое электрооборудование</kwd><kwd>аэродром</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>landing</kwd><kwd>runway (RWY)</kwd><kwd>overrun</kwd><kwd>overshooting</kwd><kwd>flight safety</kwd><kwd>avionics</kwd><kwd>airfield</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shao Q. Fire risk analysis of runway excursion accidents in high-plateau airport / Q. Shao, M. Yang, C. Xu, H. Wang, H. Liu [Электронный ресурс] // IEEE Access. 2020. Vol. 8. Pp. 204400–204416. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3035894 (дата обращения: 10.06.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shao, Q., Yang, M., Xu, C., Wang, H., Liu, H. (2020). Fire risk analysis of runway excursion accidents in high-plateau airport. IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 204400–204416. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3035894 (accessed: 10.06.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ayra E.S., Insua D.R., Cano J. Bayesian network for managing runway overruns in aviation safety [Электронный ресурс] // Journal of aerospace information systems. 2019. Vol. 16, no. 12. Pp. 546–558. DOI: 10.2514/1.I010726 (дата обращения: 10.06.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ayra, E.S., Insua, D.R., Cano, J. (2019). Bayesian network for managing runway overruns in aviation safety. Journal of aerospace information systems, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 546–558. DOI: 10.2514/1.I010726 (accessed: 10.06.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valdes R.M.A. The development of probabilistic models to estimate accident risk (due to runway overrun and landing undershoot) applicable to the design and construction of runway safety areas / R.M.A. Valdes, F.G. Comendador, L.M. Gordun, F.J.S. Nieto // Safety Science. 2011. Vol. 49, iss. 5. Pp. 633–650. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2010.09.020</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valdes, R.M.A., Comendador, F.G., Gordun, L.M., Nieto, F.J.S. (2011). The development of probabilistic models to estimate accident risk (due to runway overrun and landing undershoot) applicable to the design and construction of runway safety areas. Safety Science, vol. 49, issue 5, pp. 633–650. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2010.09.020</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heymsfield E. Predicting aircraft stopping distances within an EMAS // Journal of Transportation Engineering. 2013. Vol. 139, iss. 12. Pp. 1184–1193. DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000600</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heymsfield, E. (2013). Predicting aircraft stopping distances within an EMAS. Journal of Transportation Engineering, vol. 139, issue 12, pp. 1184–1193. DOI:10.1061/(ASCE) TE.1943-5436.0000600</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heymsfield E., Hale W.M., Halsey T.L. Aircraft response in an airfield arrestor system during an overrun // Journal of Transportation Engineering. 2012. Vol. 138, iss. 3. Pp. 284–292. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000331</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heymsfield, E., Hale, W.M., Halsey, T.L. (2012). Aircraft response in an airfield arrestor system during an overrun. Journal of Transportation Engineering, vol. 138, issue 3, pp. 284–292. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000331</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gandhewar P., Hemantkumar S. Runway excursion: A problem // Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering. 2014. Vol. 11. Pp. 75–78. DOI: 10.9790/1684-11327578</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gandhewar, P., Hemantkumar, S. (2014). Runway excursion: A problem. Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, vol. 11, pp. 75–78. DOI: 10.9790/1684-11327578</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белогрудова Д.Ю., Сайфутдинов Р.А. Автоматизированные системы предупреждения опасности выкатывания воздушных судов за границы взлетно-посадочной полосы // Вестник УлГТУ. 2021. № 2 (94). С. 55–60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belogrudova, D.Y., Saifutdinov, R.A. (2021). Automated systems for preventing the danger of running air-craft over the border of a running. Bulletin of Ulyanovsk State Technical University, no. 2 (94), pp. 55–60. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hindson W.S. A Pilot rating scale for evaluating failure transients in electronic flight control systems [Электронный ресурс] // In: 17th Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference, 20–22 August 1990, Portland, OR, U.S.A. DOI: 10.2514/6.1990-2827 (дата обращения: 10.06.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hindson, W.S. (1990). A pilot rating scale for evaluating failure transients in electronic flight control systems. In: 17th Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference, 20–22 August 1990, Portland, OR, U.S.A. DOI: 10.2514/6.1990-2827 (accessed: 10.06.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gawron V.J. Human performance, workload, and situational awareness measures handbook. 2nd ed. Florida: CRC Press, 2008. 296 p. DOI: 10.1201/9781420064506</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gawron, V.J. (2008). Human performance, workload, and situational awareness measures handbook. 2nd ed. CRC Press, Florida, 296 p. DOI: 10.1201/9781420064506</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мозоляко А.В., Акимов А.Н., Воробьев В.В. Проблемы предотвращения выкатывания гражданских воздушных судов на этапе пробега по ВПП // Научный Вестник МГТУ ГА. 2014. № 204. С. 74–77.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mozolyako, A.V., Akimov, A.N., Vorobyev, V.V. (2014). Status and development of runway overrun prevention systems. Nauchnyy Vestnik MGTU GA, no. 204, p. 74–77. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коваленко Г.В., Жданович А.М. Методика предотвращения выкатывания тяжелых воздушных судов с ВПП // Вестник Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета гражданской авиации. 2017. № 3 (16). С. 16–32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovalenko, G.V., Zhdanovich, A.M. (2017). The method avoidance runway overrun of heavy transport aeroplan. Vestnik Sankt- Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta grazhdanskoy aviatsii, no. 3 (16), pp. 16–32. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евдокимова Т.А., Бузаева С.В., Шагарова А.А. Оценка влияния неблагоприятных метеорологических условий на работу диспетчера ОРВД // Символ науки: международный научный журнал. 2022. № 9-1. С. 64–69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evdokimova, T.A., Buzaeva, S.V., Shagarova, A.A. (2022). Impact assessment of adverse meteorological conditions on the work of the ATC. Symbol of Science: International Scientific Journal, no. 9-1, pp. 64–69. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ong G.P., Fwa T.F. Wet-pavement hydroplaning risk and skid resistance: Modeling // Journal of Transportation Engineering. 2007. Vol. 133, iss. 10. Pp. 113–125. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2007)133:10(590)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ong, G.P., Fwa, T.F. (2007). Wetpavement hydroplaning risk and skid resistance: Modeling. Journal of Transportation Engineering, vol. 133, issue 10, pp. 113–125. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2007)133:10(590)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baby C.K., George B. A capacitive ice layer detection system suitable for autonomous inspection of runways using an ROV // In: 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments Proceedings. Magdeburg, Germany, 2012. Pp. 127–132. DOI: 10.1109/ROSE.2012.6402627</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baby, C.K., George, B. (2012). A capacitive ice layer detection system suitable for autonomous inspection of runways using an ROV. In: 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments Proceedings. Magdeburg, Germany, pp. 127–132. DOI: 10.1109/ROSE.2012.6402627</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белогрудова Д.Ю., Сайфутдинов Р.А. Метод прогнозирования авиационных происшествий в системе менеджмента безопасности авиационной деятельности // Вестник УлГТУ. 2021. № 1 (93). C. 49–54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sayfutdinov, R.A., Belogrudova, D.Y. (2021). Method for forecasting aviation accidents in the system of safety management of aviation activities. Bulletin of Ulyanovsk State Technical University, no. 1 (93), pp. 49–54. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бородкин С.Ф. Современные методы предотвращения выкатываний воздушных судов за пределы взлетно-посадочной полосы / С.Ф. Бородкин, А.И. Волынчук, Ш.Ф. Ганиев, М.А. Киселев, И.А. Носатенко // Научный Вестник МГТУ ГА. 2022. Т. 25, № 2. С. 8–19. DOI: 10.26467/2079-0619-202225-2-8-19</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borodkin, S.F., Volynchuk, A.I., Ganiev, Sh.F., Kiselev, M.A., Nosatenko, I.A. (2022). Modern methods of preventing aircraft overrunning the runway. Civil Aviation High Technologies, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 8–19. DOI: 10.26467/2079-0619-2022-25-2-8-19</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goodwill S. Runway situation awareness tools (RSAT) [Электронный ресурс] // Flight Technical and Safety the Boeing Company 2014. URL: https://www.icao.int/SAM/Documents/2014-UNSTAPPCH/BOEING%20Runway%20situation%20awareness%20tools%20(RSAT).pdf (дата обращения: 10.06.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goodwill, S. (2014). Runway situation awareness tools (RSAT). Flight Technical and Safety the Boeing Company. Available at: https://www.icao.int/SAM/Documents/2014-UNSTAPPCH/BOEING%20Runway%20situation%20awareness%20tools%20(RSAT).pdf (accessed: 10.06.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tuncal A., Uslu S., Erdal D. A milestone to enhance runway safety: the new global reporting format // Revista de Investigaciones Universidad del Quindío. 2021. Vol. 33. Pp. 168–178. DOI: 10.33975/riuq.vol33n1.551</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tuncal, A., Uslu, S., Erdal, D. (2021). A milestone to enhance runway safety: the new global reporting format. Revista de Investigaciones Universidad del Quindío, vol. 33, pp. 168–178. DOI: 10.33975/riuq.vol33n1.551</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барабаш А.Д. Методика повышения уровня безопасности полетов на основе модели пилота / А.Д. Барабаш, С.Ф. Бородкин, М.А. Киселев, Ю.В. Петров // Научный Вестник МГТУ ГА. 2021. Т. 24, № 3. С. 8–20. DOI: 10.26467/2079-0619-2021-24-3-8-20</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barabash, A.D., Borodkin, S.F., Kiselev, M.A., Petrov, Yu.V. (2021). Flight safety level improvement methodology based on the pilot model. Civil Aviation High Technologies, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 8–20. DOI: 10.26467/2079-0619-2021-24-3-8-20</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
