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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caht</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный вестник МГТУ ГА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Civil Aviation High Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-0619</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0119</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (MSTU CA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26467/2079-0619-2022-25-5-59-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caht-2066</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MECHANICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модели начальных этапов проектирования магистральных пассажирских самолетов с учетом создания семейств</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Models of early stages of design of trunk-route passenger airplanes with taking families into account</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавлев</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuravlev</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Журавлев Павел Владимирович, старший преподаватель кафедры внешнего проектирования и эффективности авиационных комплексов</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel V. Zhuravlev, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Pre-Design and Effectiveness of Complex Aviation Systems</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pvzhuravlev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавлев</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuravlev</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Журавлев Владимир Николаевич, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры внешнего проектирования и эффективности авиационных комплексов</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir N. Zhuravlev, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Pre-Design and Effectiveness of Complex Aviation Systems</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vn_zhuravlev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский авиационный институт (национальный исследовательский университет)»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Журавлев П.В., Журавлев В.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Журавлев П.В., Журавлев В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhuravlev P.V., Zhuravlev V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/2066">https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/2066</self-uri><abstract><p>Существует тесная связь между этапами внешнего проектирования (этап разработки технического задания на проектируемый самолет) и концептуального проектирования. Учет этой связи дает возможность проектировать более близкий к оптимальному самолет. Современные технологии проектирования позволяют перейти от создания резервов в конструкции проектируемого самолета на основе предыдущего опыта к управлению этими резервами. Подобные проектные резервы, в частности, нужно закладывать в конструкции крыла и шасси на этапе концептуального проектирования для создания семейств пассажирских самолетов. Обоснование значений данных резервов производится на основе моделирования процессов будущего функционирования всего семейства в рамках парка, что в свою очередь требует решения задачи внешнего проектирования. В результате резервы становятся новыми проектными переменными (параметрами) и должны использоваться наряду с традиционными переменными при оптимизации облика летательного аппарата. Была создана модель, учитывающая управление вышеуказанными резервами при формировании облика. Данная модель представляет собой часть системы моделей, решающей задачи формирования парка пассажирских самолетов на этапе внешнего проектирования с учетом наличия в этом парке семейства самолетов и оптимизации данного семейства. Результаты вычислений модели были верифицированы для магистральных пассажирских самолетов основных классов с учетом факторов наличия соответствующих семейств. В ходе верификации крыло для каждого рассматриваемого пассажирского самолета рассчитывалось для максимальной по взлетному весу версии семейства и фиксировалось для той версии, статистика по которой использовалась для проверки результатов вычисления модели. В ходе верификации было выявлено хорошее соответствие результатов расчетов модели имеющейся статистике. Верификация показала, что созданная модель может использоваться для формирования облика и семейств пассажирских самолетов всех основных классов (ближне-, средне- и дальнемагистральных).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>There is a tight connection between the Pre-Design (development of requirements for the designed airplane) and Conceptual Design stages while creating a new aircraft. Taking this connection into account would result in the design of more optimal aircraft that would have the appropriate advantage during operation. Previously when the ability to take such interconnections into the account was lacking the designers were forced to allocate certain reserves in the project based on previous design experience. The advancement of design, modeling and manufacturing methods allowed transitioning from allocating these reserves as means for possible error compensation to their planning or management. In particular, such planned reserves should be allocated in wing and landing gear at the Conceptual Design stage for the creation of passenger airplane families. The values of these reserves should be substantiated based on the evaluation of future functioning of the whole created airplane family within the airline fleet. This requires solving a problem of Pre-Design and requirements creation. Thus, the reserves become new design variables. The values of these new variables should be optimized together with the values of the existing “traditional” variables during airplane design. A model, which takes management of the aforementioned reserves into the account during airplane design, was constructed. The presented model is intended for usage within the framework of the models, which solve the problem of creation of a passenger airplane fleet at Pre-Design stage with taking the presence of an airplane family within this fleet into the account as well as optimization of this passenger airplane family. The model calculation results were verified for the trunk-route passenger airplanes of all main types with taking the existence of the appropriate families into the account. During verification the wing of each considered passenger airplane was sized for the appropriate family version with the maximum take-off weight. After that this wing was “fixed” and processed as initial data for the family version, statistics on which was used for checking the model calculation results. The verification demonstrated good correlation between the model calculation results and the available statistics. It also showed that the presented model can be used for the design of individual trunk-route passenger airplanes and families of all main types (short-, medium- and long-range).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>проектирование самолетов</kwd><kwd>семейство пассажирских самолетов</kwd><kwd>парковая задача</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>airplane design</kwd><kwd>passenger airplane family</kwd><kwd>design reserves</kwd><kwd>fleet creation problem</kwd><kwd>pre-design</kwd><kwd>conceptual design</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Raymer D.P. Enhancing aircraft conceptual design using multidisciplinary optimization: Doctoral Thesis. Stockholm: Royal Institute of Technology, 2002. 150 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raymer, D.P. (2002). 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