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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caht</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный вестник МГТУ ГА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Civil Aviation High Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-0619</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0119</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (MSTU CA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26467/2079-0619-2020-23-6-65-83</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caht-1768</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТРАНСПОРТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TRANSPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перевозка скоропортящихся грузов воздушным транспортом: проблемы обработки в российских аэропортах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transportation of perishable goods by air: handling problems at Russian airports</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полешкина</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poleshkina</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры организации перевозок на воздушном транспорте,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of The Chair of Transportation Organization on Air Transport,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ipoleshkina@mstuca.aero</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный технический университет гражданской авиации (МГТУ ГА)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Полешкина И.О., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Полешкина И.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Poleshkina I.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/1768">https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/1768</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассмотрены проблемы обработки скоропортящихся грузов в российских аэропортах при доставке в международных цепях поставок (МЦП). Исследование проведено на основе операционного анализа. На первом этапе с помощью статистического анализа было выявлено, что основной категорией скоропортящихся товаров, предъявляющих спрос на воздушные перевозки при поставке в Россию, являются свежие экзотические фрукты. Исследование проводилось на примере цепи поставок манго, так как он предъявляет нестандартные требования к температурному режиму хранения. На втором этапе был сформирован набор критериев для оценки качества обработки скоропортящихся грузов в аэропортах: число обязательных операций при обработке груза, время выполнения этих операций, количество оформляемых документов, количество мультитемпературных камер в аэропорту, их площадь, наличие системы температурного хранения ULD. Исследование показало, что около 90% скоропортящихся грузов, поставляемых в Россию, обрабатывается в аэропортах МАУ из-за отсутствия необходимой инфраструктуры температурных складов в остальных аэропортах страны. Данное ограничение существенно удорожает логистику скоропортящихся грузов по территории страны и снижает их качество. В рамках данного исследования были выбраны четыре международных аэропорта за пределами ЦФО, имеющие стратегическое значение и потенциал для формирования центральных хабов по обслуживанию скоропортящихся грузов и обработке транзитных и трансферных потоков. Среди них аэропорты Новосибирска, Владивостока, Екатеринбурга и Красноярска. Для аэропортов МАУ предложена специализация на обслуживании экспортно-импортных потоков скоропортящихся грузов. В качестве данных для проведения исследования были использованы материалы авиакомпаний, крупнейших грузовых терминалов российских аэропортов, транспортных компаний, специализированных международных организаций воздушного транспорта и логистических ассоциаций. Исследование показало, что сдерживающим фактором повышения скорости работы ЦП является время наземного обслуживания грузов в аэропортах России, которое значительно превосходит время обслуживания в стране-экспортере. Задержки связаны с неразвитостью инфраструктуры грузовых терминалов для обработки скоропортящихся грузов и сложностью процедур документального оформления из-за отсутствия систем электронного документооборота и автоматизированной проверки маркировки. Предложена модель формирования электронного документооборота в МЦП с применением предполетной и предпогрузочной предварительной информации о грузе и внедрение системы BlockChain для проверки правильности оформления документов на всех стадиях в цепи поставок, что позволит сократить общее время наземного обслуживания грузов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article deals with the problems of perishable goods handling process at Russian airports on delivery in international supply chains (ISC). The investigation was carried out on the basis of operational analysis. The initial stage of the study, which was performed applying statistical analysis, revealed that the major category of perishable goods which establish air transportation demand into Russia is the fresh exotic fruits. The investigation was performed taking the mango supply chain as an example, due to its non-standard thermal and storage requirements. The second stage resulted in the perishable goods airport handling quality criteria set formation: the number of mandatory cargo while handling operations, the required time for these operations, the amount of paper work, the number of multi-temperature chambers at the airport and their area, ULD temperature storage system availability. The study revealed that about 90% of perishable goods, which are imported to Russia, are handled at the airports of Moscow aviation hub because other airports in Russia lack the temperature storage facilities infrastructure. This restriction raises the price of perishable goods logistics on the territory of the country considerably as well as reduces their quality. Four international airports of strategic importance outside the boarders of the central federal district which have the potential of forming central hubs for perishable goods handling as well as processing of transit and transfer flows were chosen in the context of this study. Among them are the airports of Novosibirsk, Vladivostok, Yekaterinburg and Krasnoyarsk. The airports of Moscow aviation hub were offered specialization on the subject of perishable goods export-import flow handling. The materials received from airlines, major cargo terminals at Russian airports, transport companies, specialized international air transport enterprises and logistics associations were exploited as the data for this study. The research registered that the deterrence to the speed of supply chain operation is the time of cargo ground service at Russian airports which considerably exceeds the cargo ground service time in the exporting country. The delays are connected with the poor development of perishable goods handling cargo terminals and also with loads of paper work because the system of electronic workflow and automated checking of markings doesn’t exist. The model of electronic workflow in the International Supply Chain which utilizes pre-flight and pre-loading preliminary information about the cargo was offered. Block Chain system for checking the correct presentation of documents at all stages of the supply chain was introduced which reduces the total time of cargo ground handling process.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>воздушный транспорт</kwd><kwd>технология доставки грузов</kwd><kwd>скоропортящиеся грузы</kwd><kwd>международные цепи поставок</kwd><kwd>цепи поставок манго</kwd><kwd>маркировка грузов</kwd><kwd>наземное обслуживание грузов в аэропорту</kwd><kwd>электронный документооборот</kwd><kwd>технология BlockChain</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>air transportation</kwd><kwd>cargo delivery technology</kwd><kwd>perishable goods</kwd><kwd>international supply chains</kwd><kwd>mango supply chains</kwd><kwd>marking of goods</kwd><kwd>airport cargo ground handling</kwd><kwd>electronic documentation</kwd><kwd>Block Chain Technology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaw, S. 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