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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caht</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный вестник МГТУ ГА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Civil Aviation High Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-0619</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0119</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (MSTU CA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26467/2079-0619-2020-23-2-87-100</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caht-1677</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АВИАЦИОННАЯ И РАКЕТНО-КОСМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AVIATION, ROCKET AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Расчет эквивалентных напряжений и эквивалентов программ усталостных испытаний элементов композитных авиаконструкций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Estimation of equivalent stresses and equivalents of the fatigue test programs of airframe composite elements</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стрижиус</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strizhius</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стрижиус Виталий Ефимович - доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры проектирования и сертификации авиационной техники</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaly E. Strizhius - Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of Aircraft Engineering and Certification Chair</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vitaly.strizhius@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский авиационный институт (национальный исследовательский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стрижиус В.Е., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стрижиус В.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Strizhius V.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/1677">https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/1677</self-uri><abstract><p>Известно, что для металлических элементов авиаконструкций «эквивалентное напряжение» является одним из важнейших параметров, используемых для оценки усталостной повреждаемости элемента конструкции при заданной программе его усталостных испытаний. Представлен метод и процедура оценки значений этого параметра для металлических элементов авиаконструкций. Отмечено, что для элементов авиаконструкций из полимерных композиционных материалов в настоящее время в отечественных и зарубежных исследованиях усталостной прочности подобных элементов не определены ни само понятие параметра «эквивалентное напряжение», ни методы расчетных оценок значений этого параметра. С целью достижения определенного прогресса в рассматриваемой области предложено определение параметра «эквивалентное напряжение» программ усталостных испытаний для элементов композитных авиаконструкций. Для случая нагружения одноосным растяжением-сжатием ламинатов из слоистых композитов, представляющих верхние и нижние панели композитных крыльев самолетов транспортной категории, предложен метод расчетной оценки значений этого параметра. Показано, что с использованием параметра «эквивалентное напряжение» возможно решение следующих основных задач: оценка повреждаемости элемента конструкции при заданной программе его усталостных испытаний; сравнение повреждаемостей различных программ, расчетная оценка эквивалентов между программами; расчет усталостной долговечности образцов и элементов из слоистых композитов с использованием кривой усталости при регулярном нагружении. Отмечено, что принципиальным положением предлагаемого метода расчетной оценки эквивалентных напряжений и эквивалентов программ усталостных испытаний является использование специальной гипотезы суммирования усталостных повреждений. Представлен пример расчета эквивалентных напряжений и эквивалентов различных модификаций квазислучайной программы для образцов со свободным отверстием из углепластика Т300/5208 [45/0/-45/90]2s. Проведен расчет усталостной долговечности указанных образцов при нагружении рассмотренными модификациями с использованием полученных значений эквивалентных напряжений и эквивалентов. Показано хорошее совпадение расчетных результатов и экспериментальных данных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is known that for metal components of aircraft structures, "equivalent stress" is one of the most important parameters used to assess the fatigue damage resistance of a structural element for a given program of its fatigue tests. The method and the procedure for estimating the values of this parameter for metal elements of aircraft structures are presented It is noted that for aircraft structural elements made of polymer composite materials, neither the concept of the "equivalent stress" parameter nor the methods for calculating estimates of the values of this parameter are currently defined in domestic and foreign studies of the fatigue strength of such elements. In order to achieve particular progress in the considered area, the definition of the "equivalent stress" parameter of fatigue test programs for composite aircraft structural elements is proposed. For the case of uniaxial tension-compression load of laminates from layered composites representing the upper and lower panels of composite wings of transport category aircraft, a method for calculating the estimation of this parameter is proposed. It is shown that using the "equivalent stress" parameter, the following main tasks can be solved: assessment of the damage resistance of a structural element with a given program of its fatigue tests; comparison of damages resistance of various programs, calculation of equivalents between the programs; calculation of fatigue life of layered composites samples and elements using the fatigue curve under regular load. It is noted that the fundamental meaning of the proposed method for calculating the equivalent stresses and equivalents of fatigue test programs is the use of a special hypothesis of a fatigue damage accumulation rule. An example of calculating the equivalent stresses and equivalents of various modifications of the quasi-random program for CFRP T300/5208 [45/0/-45/90] 2s samples of fiber-carbon composite with the open hole is presented. The fatigue life of these samples under load with the considered modifications was calculated using the obtained values of equivalent stresses and equivalents. Good agreement between the calculated results and experimental data is shown.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>слоистые углепластики</kwd><kwd>элементы композитных авиаконструкций</kwd><kwd>квазислучайные программы усталостных испытаний</kwd><kwd>эквивалентное напряжение</kwd><kwd>эквивалент</kwd><kwd>расчетные оценки усталостной долговечности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>layered composites</kwd><kwd>elements of composite aircraft structures</kwd><kwd>quasi-random fatigue test programs</kwd><kwd>equivalent stress</kwd><kwd>equivalent</kwd><kwd>calculated estimates of fatigue life</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Jonge J.B. A standardized load sequence for flight simulation tests on transport aircraft wing structures / J.B. De Jonge, D. Schutz, H. Lowak, J. Schijve. 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