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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">caht</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный вестник МГТУ ГА</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Civil Aviation High Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-0619</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0119</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation (MSTU CA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">caht-1067</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЗАДАЧА ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЭПИДЕМИЕЙ С УЧЕТОМ ЛАТЕНТНОГО ПЕРИОДА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PROBLEM OF OPTIMAL CONTROL OF EPIDEMIC IN VIEW OF LATENT PERIOD</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овсянникова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovsyannikova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры прикладной математики,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Physical and Mathematical Sciences (Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences), Associate Professor of the Department of Applied Mathematics,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natmat68@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный технический университет гражданской авиации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>144</fpage><lpage>152</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Овсянникова Н.И., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Овсянникова Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ovsyannikova N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/1067">https://avia.mstuca.ru/jour/article/view/1067</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматривается задача оптимального управления эпидемией путём вакцинации и изоляции с учётом латентного периода. Минимизируется целевая функция - функционал, суммирующий затраты на лечение и профилактику эпидемии, а также учитывающий стоимость инфицированных людей, оставшихся на момент окончания управления Т, которые могут явиться источником новой эпидемии. На левом конце отрезка интегрирования заданы начальные условия - количество инфицированных и подверженных заражению в момент времени t, правый конецсвободный. Динамические ограничения записаны в виде системы обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений, описывающих скорость изменения числа подверженных заражению и числа уже зараженных. Причем рассматривается неоднородное общество, состоящее из четырех возрастных групп (младенцы, дошкольники, школьники, взрослые). В качестве управляющих функций взяты скорость вакцинации (число вакцинированных в единицу времени) и скорость изоляции. Имеются ограничения на управление сверху и снизу. Латентный период описывается константой h, и входит в уравнение, описывающее скорость инфицирования людей как запаздывание в аргументе t, то есть человек, находящийся в латентном периоде, заражает окружающих, не зная, что он уже болен. Для решения задачи записывается Принцип максимума Понтрягина, откуда видно, что управление является кусочно-постоянным. В работе приводится результат численной реализации дискретной задачи оптимального управления, сделаны выводы о том, что латентный период существенно влияет на рост заболеваемости и, как следствие, расходов на погашение эпидемии. Программа, написанная на языке программирования Delphi, дает возможность оценить масштабы эпидемии при различных начальных данных и ограничениях на управление, а также найти оптимальное управление, минимизирующее расходы на погашение эпидемии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of optimal control of epidemic through vaccination and isolation, taking into account latent period is considered. The target function is minimized-functionality summarizing costs on epidemic prevention and treatment and also considering expenses on infected people left at the end of control T who may be a new source of epidemic. On the left endpoint of the integration segment initial data is given-quantity of infected and confirmed people at the moment t, the right endpoint is free. The dynamic constraints are written by way of a system of simple differential equations describing the speed of changes of number of subjected to infection and number of already infected. Besides the inhomogeneous community is considered, consisting of four age groups (babies, preschool children, school children and adults). The speed of vaccination (number of vaccinated per a time unit) and isolation speed are used as the control functions. There are some restrictions on control above and below. The latent period is described by the constant h and is part of the equation describing the contamination speed of people as a retarding in argument t, i.e. a person being in a latent period infects others not being aware of his disease. For problem solving Pontryagin maximum principle is used where it can be seen that the control is piecewise constant. The result of numerical implementation of discrete problem of optimal control is given. The conclusions are made that the latent period significantly influence the incidence rate and as consequence the costs on epidemic suppression. The programme based on the programming language Delphi gives an opportunity to estimate the scale of epidemic at different initial data and restrictions on control as well as to find an optimal control minimizing costs on epimedic suppression.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оптимальное управление эпидемией</kwd><kwd>латентный период</kwd><kwd>вакцинация и изоляция</kwd><kwd>минимизация затрат на погашение эпидемии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>optimal control of epidemic</kwd><kwd>latent period</kwd><kwd>vaccination and isolation</kwd><kwd>minimization of epidemic elimination costs</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andreeva E.A. Optimal'noe upravlenie dinamicheskimi sistemami [Optimal control of dynamic systems]. Tver, TvGU Publ., 1999, pp. 72-120. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreeva E.A. 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